Effect of x-ray irradiation on maize inbred line B73 tissue cultures and regenerated plants
In order to enhance variation induced by the tissue culture process and to obtain agronomically desirable mutants, friable embryogenic tissue cultures of maize (Zea mays L.) inbred line B73 were x-ray irradiated with 11 doses (0-8.4 kilorads (kR)). Reductions in callus growth rate and embryogenic callus formation occurred with increasing x-ray doses 20 d and 3 months after irradiation. Callus irradiated with 0.8 kR showed a significant increase in growth rate and a 20% increase in embryogenic callus 9 months after irradiation. A total of 230 R/sub 0/ plants were regenerated for evaluation. Pollen fertility and seed set of R/sub 0/ plants decreased with increasing x-ray dosage. Days to anthesis and plant height of R/sub 0/ plants varied among x-ray treatments but were generally reduced with higher dosages. The number of chromosomal aberrations increased with x-ray dosage. The R/sub 1/ seeds taken from R/sub 0/ plants were also grown and tested for mutant segregation. Plants regenerated from irradiated calli had a two- to 10-fold increase in mutations over plants regenerated from unirradiated control callus. Germination frequency of seeds from R/sub 0/ plants decreased with increasing x-ray dosage. Although chlorophyll mutants were most frequently observed, a number of vigorous plants with earlier anthesis date were also recovered.
- Research Organization:
- Sungene Technologies Corp., San Jose, CA (USA)
- OSTI ID:
- 5901894
- Journal Information:
- Crop Sci.; (United States), Vol. 28:2
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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CHROMOSOMAL ABERRATIONS
RADIOINDUCTION
MAIZE
GENETIC RADIATION EFFECTS
FRACTIONATED IRRADIATION
GERMINATION
MUTANTS
PLANT GROWTH
SEEDS
TISSUE CULTURES
X RADIATION
BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS
BIOLOGICAL RADIATION EFFECTS
CEREALS
ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION
GENETIC EFFECTS
GRASS
GROWTH
IONIZING RADIATIONS
IRRADIATION
LILIOPSIDA
MAGNOLIOPHYTA
MUTATIONS
PLANTS
RADIATION EFFECTS
RADIATIONS
560120* - Radiation Effects on Biochemicals
Cells
& Tissue Culture
560140 - Radiation Effects on Plants