BREEDING EXPERIMENT ON MUTATION INDUCTION BY IRRADIATION. 1. EFFECTS OF X- AND $gamma$-RAY IRRADIATION ON CABBAGE SEEDS (in Korean)
Studies were made on the effects of x and gamma irradiation on dry cabbage seeds and the utility of artificially induced mutations in plant breeding was examined. The radiosensitivity of cabbage in the R/sub 1/ generation and the phenotypic mutation in the R/sub 2/ generation are discussed. Two varieties of Succession and Fuji Early were used. The seeds originated from the progeny of the same line in 1959 and thus would be expected to have a high degree of genetic uniformity. To have same moisture content, the materials were kept in a desiccator filled with CaCl/sub 2/ for six weeks before irradiation and were irradiated to the extent of 5 to 30 kr of x and gamma radiation. Germination rate and number of true leaf were surveyed at 20 days after planting and it was found that no differences occurred among the treatment except 30 kr of gamma - ray plot. Survival rate in a maturing season was irregular by treatments and most of the plants of 30 kr of gamma ray died without reaching at maturity. Slowly growing conditions were generally observed in all treatments and this was more remarkable in gamma ray plots rather than that of x ray. For flower induction 5 R/sub 1/ plants selected at random at all of the plots except 5 and 15 kr of both radiation were transplanted in earthen pots in a greenhouse without heat to obtain a chilling requirement. Fertility was decreased as dosage increased while frequency of abortive pollen was increased. This signifies a negative correlation. Fertility variations were observed among the varieties as well as treatments. In the comparison of fertility distribution in an interval of 0 to 10% with varieties, in gamma -ray treatments, Succession and Fuji Early showed 72.4 and 51.4% respectively, and in xray treatments, 39.4 and 30.9%, respectively. In spite of the theoretical assumption that fertility should be variable as with proportion of abortive pollen, some extent of irregularity was observed. This seemed to be attributable to small number of materials and pollination error in the bud. In R/sub 2/ generation, various tapes of mutants such as chlorophyl deficiency, poly-branch, non-meristem, fascination, and dwarf type were observed. It was found in the gamma -ray treatment that higher dosage showed higher percent of abortive pollen as well as lower percent of induction of mutants. From the results, it was assumed that the most effective dosage to induce a useful mutant would be 30 kr more or less of x radiation and 20 to 30 kr gamma radiation, respectively. (P.C.H.)
- Research Organization:
- Originating Research Org. not identified
- NSA Number:
- NSA-17-035527
- OSTI ID:
- 4657884
- Journal Information:
- J. Nucl. Sci., Vol. Vol: 2; Other Information: Orig. Receipt Date: 31-DEC-63
- Country of Publication:
- Country unknown/Code not available
- Language:
- Korean
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