Production of chemical feedstocks from biomass
Glucose and xylose, produced from biomass by hydrolysis with mineral acids can be fermented to produce a variety of chemical feedstocks including ethanol, organic acids, butanol and acetone. Acid rather than enzyme hydrolysis is preferred. In acid hydrolysis reaction temperature and acid concentration were found to be the major variables affecting sugar yield and kinetics. Low reaction temperatures and high acid concentrations are preferred to maximise sugar yields and minimise degradation product formation. Using corn stover residue nearly complete conversion of hemicellulose and cellulose to sugars was obtained. Prehydrolysis of corn stover was found to be faster than paper and peat, and the hydrolysis reaction somewhat slower than prehydrolysis. Acid hydrolyzates using the University of Arkansas process can be fermented to ethanol without pretreatment. Yeast extract is necessary for this process.
- Research Organization:
- Univ. of Arkansas, Fayetteville
- OSTI ID:
- 5889167
- Journal Information:
- CEP Newsl.; (United States), Journal Name: CEP Newsl.; (United States) Vol. 80:1; ISSN CEPND
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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ACETONE
ACID HYDROLYSIS
AGRICULTURAL WASTES
ALCOHOLS
ALDEHYDES
BIOCONVERSION
BIOMASS
BIOSYNTHESIS
BUTANOLS
CARBOHYDRATES
CEREALS
CHEMICAL FEEDSTOCKS
CHEMICAL REACTION YIELD
CHEMICAL REACTIONS
DECOMPOSITION
ENERGY SOURCES
ENTHALPY
ETHANOL
FERMENTATION
FUNGI
GLUCOSE
GRASS
HEXOSES
HYDROLYSIS
HYDROXY COMPOUNDS
KETONES
KINETICS
LYSIS
MAIZE
MICROORGANISMS
MONOSACCHARIDES
ORGANIC ACIDS
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
ORGANIC WASTES
PENTOSES
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
PLANTS
REACTION HEAT
REACTION KINETICS
RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCES
RESEARCH PROGRAMS
SACCHARIDES
SOLVOLYSIS
SYNTHESIS
THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES
WASTES
XYLOSE
YEASTS
YIELDS