Drinking water and health. Volume 6
The most recently constituted Safe Drinking Water Committee conducted the study reported in this sixth volume of the series. Discussions of the basic principles of dose-response relationships can be found throughout the various chapters. Developmental and reproductive effects are reviewed in Chapters 2 and 3. The temporal relationships between exposure and effect are discussed in detail to provide a framework for the critical examination of dose-response relationships in laboratory animals. Chapter 2 also provides principles for extrapolating from laboratory data to determine potential development risks in humans. General concern has been raised about the effect of chemicals on the reproductive ability of males and nonpregnant females. In Chapter 3, the committee addresses this issue in detail. In Chapter 4, the committee examines data on neurotoxicity in both humans and animals. Chemical carcinogensis is discussed in Chapter 5, which describes the most useful methods of short-term assessment that can be integrated into the prediction of carcinogenesis in humans. The committee uses the principles described in Chapter 8 for the assessment of risk for chemically induced cancer in humans. In Chapter 6, the committee presents a method for using inhalation exposure data in estimating the kinetics of exposure by ingestion. The collection of human toxicity data through epidemiological studies is discussed in Chapter 7, which focuses on the reliability of these data in estimating human risks. The overall theme of the volume, relating dose-response relationships to estimates of human health risk, is integrated in Chapter 8, Risk Assessment. Chapter 9, is intended to serve as an example of how the principles of toxicology can be applied to quantitative analysis of risks to humans. Those principles are applied whenever possible in assessing the risk from 14 chemical contaminants in drinking water.
- OSTI ID:
- 5872328
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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Related Subjects
63 RADIATION, THERMAL, AND OTHER ENVIRON. POLLUTANT EFFECTS ON LIVING ORGS. AND BIOL. MAT.
DRINKING WATER
CONTAMINATION
XENOBIOTICS
TOXICITY
BIOLOGICAL MODELS
CARCINOGENESIS
DOSE-RESPONSE RELATIONSHIPS
LABORATORY ANIMALS
MAN
RISK ASSESSMENT
ANIMALS
HYDROGEN COMPOUNDS
MAMMALS
OXYGEN COMPOUNDS
PATHOGENESIS
PRIMATES
VERTEBRATES
WATER
540320* - Environment
Aquatic- Chemicals Monitoring & Transport- (1990-)
560300 - Chemicals Metabolism & Toxicology