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Conventional weapons demilitarization: A health and environmental effects data base assessment: Methods for estimating multi-pathway exposures to environmental contaminants, Final report, Phase 2

Technical Report ·
OSTI ID:5857290
This report describes a model that expresses human exposure using multiple exposure pathways linked to multiple environmental media. Starting with contaminant concentrations in air (as gases or attached to particles), water, and soil; the model links human exposure through inhalation, ingestion, and dermal absorption to concentrations in each environmental compartment. The concentration in a specific compartment is linked to exposure through a specific pathway using a pathway exposure factor (PEF). The PEF is a numerical expression that incorporates information on human physiology and lifestyle together with models of environmental partitioning into an expression that translates a unit concentration (mg/m/sup 3/ in air, mg/L in water, or mg/kg in soil) into a daily exposure in mg/kg-d for a specific pathway. Human, animal, and environmental data used in calculating PEFs are presented and discussed. The report provides a detailed derivation of PEFs for air/inhalation, air/ingestion, soil/inhalation, soil/ingestion, soil/dermal absorption, water/inhalation, water/ingestion, and water/dermal absorption pathways. The model is illustrated by sample applications of hypothetical arsenic, benzene, and trinitrotoluene (TNT) contamination. 42 refs., 4 figs., 20 tabs.
Research Organization:
Lawrence Livermore National Lab., CA (USA)
DOE Contract Number:
W-7405-ENG-48
OSTI ID:
5857290
Report Number(s):
UCRL-21064; ON: DE89016511
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English

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Related Subjects

500200 -- Environment
Atmospheric-- Chemicals Monitoring & Transport-- (-1989)
510200 -- Environment
Terrestrial-- Chemicals Monitoring & Transport-- (-1989)
520200 -- Environment
Aquatic-- Chemicals Monitoring & Transport-- (-1989)
54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
552000 -- Public Health
553000 -- Agriculture & Food Technology
560300* -- Chemicals Metabolism & Toxicology
60 APPLIED LIFE SCIENCES
63 RADIATION, THERMAL, AND OTHER ENVIRON. POLLUTANT EFFECTS ON LIVING ORGS. AND BIOL. MAT.
99 GENERAL AND MISCELLANEOUS
AIR
AROMATICS
ARSENIC
BENZENE
CHEMICAL EXPLOSIVES
CONTAMINATION
DATA BASE MANAGEMENT
DOCUMENT TYPES
ELEMENTS
ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURE PATHWAY
EQUATIONS
EXPLOSIVES
FLUIDS
FOOD
GASES
GROUND WATER
HAZARDS
HEALTH HAZARDS
HYDROCARBONS
HYDROGEN COMPOUNDS
INGESTION
INHALATION
INTAKE
MANAGEMENT
MATHEMATICAL MODELS
NITRO COMPOUNDS
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
ORGANIC NITROGEN COMPOUNDS
OXYGEN COMPOUNDS
PROGRESS REPORT
PROPELLANTS
SEMIMETALS
SOILS
TNT
TOXICITY
WATER
WEAPONS