In vitro biologic responses to native and surface-modified asbestos

Journal Article · Tue Apr 01 00:00:00 EST 1986 · Environ. Res.; (United States)

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/S0013-9351(86)80060-3· OSTI ID:5842978

Hahon, N; Vallyathan, V; Booth, J A; Sepulveda, M J

A comparative study was made of in vitro biologic responses to native chrysotile, amosite, and crocidolite and corresponding asbestos fibers whose surfaces were modified by metal oxides. Interferon induction by influenza virus was depressed by approximately 50% by all native asbestos whereas corresponding surface modified asbestos minimally affected this nonspecific cellular defense mechanism. The release of the cytoplasmic enzyme, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and lysosomal enzymes, ..beta..-N-acetylglucosaminidase (..beta..-NAG) and ..beta..-glucuronidase (..beta..-Gluc), by rat alveolar macrophages after exposure to either native or surface-modified asbestos (which is indicative of membrane damage) was monitored. Although both native and surface-modified asbestos induced significant leakage of LDH, generally, lesser amounts of the enzyme were released as a result of exposure to the latter than to native asbestos. Whereas all forms of native asbestos caused significant release of ..beta..-NAG and ..beta..-Gluc, leakage of these enzymes from macrophages exposed to surface-modified asbestos was minimal. In contrast to native asbestos which induced irritation of cell membranes, as indicated by hemolysis of sheep erythrocytes, surface-modified asbestos exhibited minimal hemolytic activity. The findings indicate that surface modification of different asbestos by metal oxides generally lessened the adverse effect of the native mineral on the aforementioned biologic entities.

• Research Organization: West Virginia Univ. School of Medicine, Morgantown
• OSTI ID: 5842978
• Journal Information: Environ. Res.; (United States), Vol. 39:2
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

63 RADIATION, THERMAL, AND OTHER ENVIRON. POLLUTANT EFFECTS ON LIVING ORGS. AND BIOL. MAT.
ASBESTOS
MODIFICATIONS
TOXICITY
CELL MEMBRANES
HEMOLYSIS
MACROPHAGES
ENZYME ACTIVITY
COMPARATIVE EVALUATIONS
IN VITRO
INTERFERON
METALS
OXIDES
RATS
RESPONSE MODIFYING FACTORS
SURFACES
ANIMAL CELLS
ANIMALS
CELL CONSTITUENTS
CHALCOGENIDES
CONNECTIVE TISSUE CELLS
ELEMENTS
GROWTH FACTORS
LYMPHOKINES
LYSIS
MAMMALS
MEMBRANES
MITOGENS
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
OXYGEN COMPOUNDS
PATHOLOGICAL CHANGES
PHAGOCYTES
PROTEINS
RODENTS
SOMATIC CELLS
VERTEBRATES
560301* - Chemicals Metabolism & Toxicology- Cells- (-1987)