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Chemical model for the rheological behavior of cross-linked fluid systems

Journal Article · · J. Pet. Technol.; (United States)
DOI:https://doi.org/10.2118/9334-PA· OSTI ID:5804632
; ; ;
The use of cross-linking agents to improve viscosity in polysaccharide polymer fluids is a widespread practice in hydraulic fracturing. The viscosity obtained from the use of a particular cross-linking agent depends entirely on the parameters of the in-situ chemical reaction to be performed at the well site. The major parameters encountered, such as concentration of polymer and cross-linking agent, pH, temperature, and shear regimen, will dictate the apparent viscosity of the product generated by the reaction. A mechanistic model for this cross-linking reaction is presented along with a description of the general effects of concentration, pH, temperature, and shear levels. Macroscopic observation of an ideal ''complexed'' gel is discussed using the most significant reaction parameters. Data show that the rheological properties of a cross-linked fracturing fluid are time-dependent and vary widely, depending on the reaction parameters to be encountered at the well site during a fracture treatment.
Research Organization:
Halliburton Services
OSTI ID:
5804632
Journal Information:
J. Pet. Technol.; (United States), Journal Name: J. Pet. Technol.; (United States) Vol. 35:2; ISSN JPTJA
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English

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Related Subjects

02 PETROLEUM
020300* -- Petroleum-- Drilling & Production
03 NATURAL GAS
030900 -- Natural Gas-- Artificial Stimulation
Plowshare-- (-1989)
CARBOHYDRATES
CHEMICAL REACTIONS
COMMINUTION
CROSS-LINKING
FLUIDS
FRACTURING
FRACTURING FLUIDS
FUNCTIONAL MODELS
HYDRAULIC FRACTURING
KINETICS
MECHANICAL PROPERTIES
NATURAL GAS WELLS
OIL WELLS
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
PH VALUE
POLYMERIZATION
POLYMERS
POLYSACCHARIDES
QUANTITY RATIO
REACTION KINETICS
REAGENTS
SACCHARIDES
SHEAR PROPERTIES
TEMPERATURE EFFECTS
VISCOSITY
WELLS