Electrochemistry of molten lithium chlorate and its possible use with lithium in a battery
Lithium chlorate, LiClO/sub 3/, has a reported melting point of 127.6 C or 129 C. The specific conductance of molten lithium chlorate is relatively high compared to most electrolytic solutions used at room temperature. Therefore, lithium chlorate offers the chance to operate a new lithium battery system at a temperature between 130 C and 150 C. It is found from experiments that lithium chlorate is stable in the potential range between 3.2 V and 4.6 V relative to a Li reference electrode. A Li-Cl/sub 2/ secondary battery system has an open circuit potential of 3.97 V, making a Li-Cl/sub 2/ secondary battery in molten lithium chlorate, in principle, possible. A lithium-lithium chlorate primary battery system is also possible. Lithium negative electrode performance is hindered by corrosion and possible runaway reactions with LiClO/sub 3/ and dendrite formation on charging. The solubility of Li/sub 2/O and LiCl in LiClO/sub 3/ at 145 C is .000075 mol/cubic cm and .00178 mol/cubic cm, respectively. The diffusion coefficients are 1.5 x 10/sup -7/ cm/sup 2//s for Li/sub 2/O and 3.4 x 10/sup -7/ cm/sup 2//s for LiCl. Platinum appeared to be an inert positive electrode for chlorate, chlorine, or oxygen reactions for short term runs, order of several hours. Nickel shows active-passive behavior which is complex. Nickel appears suitable for primary cell, cathodic discharge of LiClO/sub 3/, but it does not appear suitable for a Cl/sub 2/ or O/sub 2/ electrode.
- Research Organization:
- Brigham Young Univ., Provo, UT (USA). Dept. of Chemical Engineering
- OSTI ID:
- 5775453
- Report Number(s):
- AD-A-105968/2
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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Related Subjects
LITHIUM-CHLORINE BATTERIES
ELECTROCHEMISTRY
CHLORATES
CORROSION
DIFFUSION
ELECTRIC CONDUCTIVITY
ELECTRODES
ELECTROLYSIS
LITHIUM COMPOUNDS
MELTING POINTS
NICKEL COMPOUNDS
OXYGEN
PLATINUM
REACTION KINETICS
ALKALI METAL COMPOUNDS
CHEMICAL REACTIONS
CHEMISTRY
CHLORINE COMPOUNDS
ELECTRIC BATTERIES
ELECTRICAL PROPERTIES
ELECTROCHEMICAL CELLS
ELEMENTS
HALOGEN COMPOUNDS
KINETICS
LYSIS
METAL-GAS BATTERIES
METALS
NONMETALS
OXYGEN COMPOUNDS
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
PLATINUM METALS
THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES
TRANSITION ELEMENT COMPOUNDS
TRANSITION ELEMENTS
TRANSITION TEMPERATURE
250901* - Energy Storage- Batteries- Design & Development