Mechanisms of induction of SCE and mutations by BrdU and CldU and the use of inhibitors of DNA repair to study mechanisms of radiation-induced chromosome aberrations
Thesis/Dissertation
·
OSTI ID:5748472
The induction of sister chromatid exchanges (SCE) and specific locus mutations was studied by utilizing incorporation into DNA of the nucleoside analogues 5-bromo-and 5-chlorodeoxyuridine (BrdU and CldU). CldU was found to induce SCE seven-times more efficiently than BrdU at equal extracellular concentrations. This induction was linearly associated with substitution for thymidine from 0.5-20 ..mu..M. In these experiments, specific locus mutations were not detected at concentrations less than 50 ..mu..M and were not correlated with SCE induction. At concentrations greater than 50 ..mu..M, the mutagenicity of CldU and BrdU was similar, although BrdU was slightly more mutagenic than CldU. In the examination of radiation-induced chromosome aberrations in mammalian lymphocytes, 3-aminobenzamide and cytosine arabinoside, which are excision repair inhibitors, were used to show that the induction of chromosome aberrations depends upon the ratio of base damage to directly-induced DNA strand breaks for a particular radiation quality. In addition, it was shown that sensitivity of various mammalian species to X ray-induced aberrations depends upon the rate of repair of base damage.
- Research Organization:
- Tennessee Univ., Knoxville (USA)
- OSTI ID:
- 5748472
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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Related Subjects
560121 -- Radiation Effects on Cells-- External Source-- (-1987)
560301* -- Chemicals Metabolism & Toxicology-- Cells-- (-1987)
63 RADIATION, THERMAL, AND OTHER ENVIRON. POLLUTANT EFFECTS ON LIVING ORGS. AND BIOL. MAT.
ANIMAL CELLS
ANTIMETABOLITES
AZINES
BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS
BIOLOGICAL MATERIALS
BIOLOGICAL RADIATION EFFECTS
BLOOD
BLOOD CELLS
BODY FLUIDS
CHROMOSOMAL ABERRATIONS
COMPARATIVE EVALUATIONS
CONNECTIVE TISSUE CELLS
DEOXYURIDINE
DNA
DRUGS
HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
HYDROXY COMPOUNDS
LEUKOCYTES
LYMPHOCYTES
MATERIALS
MUTAGENESIS
MUTATIONS
NUCLEIC ACIDS
NUCLEOSIDES
NUCLEOTIDES
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
ORGANIC NITROGEN COMPOUNDS
PYRIMIDINES
RADIATION EFFECTS
RADIOINDUCTION
RADIOSENSITIVITY
RIBOSIDES
SISTER CHROMATID EXCHANGES
SOMATIC CELLS
STRAND BREAKS
THYMIDINE
URACILS
560301* -- Chemicals Metabolism & Toxicology-- Cells-- (-1987)
63 RADIATION, THERMAL, AND OTHER ENVIRON. POLLUTANT EFFECTS ON LIVING ORGS. AND BIOL. MAT.
ANIMAL CELLS
ANTIMETABOLITES
AZINES
BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS
BIOLOGICAL MATERIALS
BIOLOGICAL RADIATION EFFECTS
BLOOD
BLOOD CELLS
BODY FLUIDS
CHROMOSOMAL ABERRATIONS
COMPARATIVE EVALUATIONS
CONNECTIVE TISSUE CELLS
DEOXYURIDINE
DNA
DRUGS
HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
HYDROXY COMPOUNDS
LEUKOCYTES
LYMPHOCYTES
MATERIALS
MUTAGENESIS
MUTATIONS
NUCLEIC ACIDS
NUCLEOSIDES
NUCLEOTIDES
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
ORGANIC NITROGEN COMPOUNDS
PYRIMIDINES
RADIATION EFFECTS
RADIOINDUCTION
RADIOSENSITIVITY
RIBOSIDES
SISTER CHROMATID EXCHANGES
SOMATIC CELLS
STRAND BREAKS
THYMIDINE
URACILS