Liquid gallium metal cooling for optical element with high heat loads

Conference · Wed Jul 01 04:00:00 EDT 1987

OSTI ID:5673017

Smither, R K; Forster, G A; Kot, C A; Kuzay, T M

Photon beams from the insertion devices of the Argonne synchrotron facility (APS) have very high total powers, which in some cases will exceed 10 kW, spread over a few cm/sup 2/. These high heat loads require special cooling methods to keep them from degrading the quality of the photon beam. A set of finite element analysis calculations were made in three dimensions to determine the temperature distributions and thermal stresses in a single crystal of silicon with heat loads of 2 kW to 20 kW. Different geometric arrangements and different cooling fluids (water, gallium, oil, Na, etc.) were considered. The two best fluids for room temperature operation were found to be water and liquid gallium metal. The variation in temperature across the face of the crystal and the distortion of the surface was at least a factor of two less for the gallium cooling case than for the water cooling case. The water cooling was effective only for very high flow rates. Efficient cooling and the very low vapor pressure for liquid gallium (less than 10/sup -12/ Torr at 100/sup 0/C) make liquid gallium a very attractive cooling fluid for high vacuum synchrotron applications. A small electromagnetic induction pump for liquid Ga was built to test this cooling method. The new system is portable, controls the output temperature of the Ga and can handle heat loads of 10 kW. 13 figs.

• Research Organization: Argonne National Lab., IL (USA)
• DOE Contract Number: W-31109-ENG-38
• OSTI ID: 5673017
• Report Number(s): CONF-870610-16; ON: DE88003056
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

43 PARTICLE ACCELERATORS
430300* -- Particle Accelerators-- Auxiliaries & Components
ACCELERATORS
BEAMS
COMPARATIVE EVALUATIONS
COOLANTS
COOLING
COOLING SYSTEMS
CRYSTALS
CYCLIC ACCELERATORS
ELEMENTS
ENERGY SYSTEMS
EQUIPMENT
FINITE ELEMENT METHOD
FLOW RATE
FLUIDS
GALLIUM
HEATING LOAD
HYDROGEN COMPOUNDS
LIQUID METALS
LIQUIDS
METALS
MONOCRYSTALS
NUMERICAL SOLUTION
OPTICAL EQUIPMENT
OXYGEN COMPOUNDS
PHOTON BEAMS
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
PUMPS
SEMIMETALS
SILICON
SPECIFIC HEAT
STRESSES
SYNCHROTRONS
TEMPERATURE DISTRIBUTION
TEMPERATURE EFFECTS
THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY
THERMAL STRESSES
THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES
USES
WATER