The effects of low-lead and unleaded fuels on gasoline engines
Conference
·
OSTI ID:5635342
The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency has recently reduced the permissible concentration of lead in gasoline from 1.1 to 0.1 gram per gallon, and has proposed to eliminate lead entirely by 1988. In addition to its octane-enhancing properties, lead in gasoline protects exhaust valve seats in older engines from undue wear (''valve-seat recessione), and it and its scavengers have numerous other positive and negative effects. These include changes in octane requirements, hydrocarbon emissions, engine rusting, corrosive wear, oil thickening and degradation, spark-plug fouling, exhaust-valve burning, and exhaust system corrosion. This paper reviews the literature on the harmful and beneficial effects of lead and lead scavengers on engines, and examines some of the substantial body of operating experience that has been accumulated with unleaded gasoline in older engines. Based on this experience, it does not appear that valve-seat recession will be a major problem, even if all lead is eliminated from gasoline. Furthermore, the switch to unleaded gasoline should provide significant benefits in the form of reduced maintance costs and increased engine life.
- OSTI ID:
- 5635342
- Report Number(s):
- CONF-860263-
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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Related Subjects
02 PETROLEUM
025000 -- Petroleum-- Combustion
33 ADVANCED PROPULSION SYSTEMS
330100* -- Internal Combustion Engines
330800 -- Emission Control-- Alternative Fuels
500200 -- Environment
Atmospheric-- Chemicals Monitoring & Transport-- (-1989)
54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
ABSTRACTS
ANTIKNOCK RATINGS
CHEMICAL REACTIONS
CONTROL EQUIPMENT
CORROSION
CORROSION PROTECTION
COST
DOCUMENT TYPES
EMISSION
EQUIPMENT
EXHAUST SYSTEMS
FLOW REGULATORS
FUEL SUBSTITUTION
FUELS
GASOLINE
HYDROCARBONS
LEADING ABSTRACT
LIQUID FUELS
LUBRICANTS
LUBRICATING OILS
MAINTENANCE
MEETINGS
NATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS
OILS
OPERATING COST
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
OTHER ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
PETROLEUM PRODUCTS
POLLUTION REGULATIONS
QUANTITY RATIO
REGULATIONS
SERVICE LIFE
UNLEADED GASOLINE
US EPA
US ORGANIZATIONS
VALVES
VEHICLES
VISCOSITY
025000 -- Petroleum-- Combustion
33 ADVANCED PROPULSION SYSTEMS
330100* -- Internal Combustion Engines
330800 -- Emission Control-- Alternative Fuels
500200 -- Environment
Atmospheric-- Chemicals Monitoring & Transport-- (-1989)
54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
ABSTRACTS
ANTIKNOCK RATINGS
CHEMICAL REACTIONS
CONTROL EQUIPMENT
CORROSION
CORROSION PROTECTION
COST
DOCUMENT TYPES
EMISSION
EQUIPMENT
EXHAUST SYSTEMS
FLOW REGULATORS
FUEL SUBSTITUTION
FUELS
GASOLINE
HYDROCARBONS
LEADING ABSTRACT
LIQUID FUELS
LUBRICANTS
LUBRICATING OILS
MAINTENANCE
MEETINGS
NATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS
OILS
OPERATING COST
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
OTHER ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
PETROLEUM PRODUCTS
POLLUTION REGULATIONS
QUANTITY RATIO
REGULATIONS
SERVICE LIFE
UNLEADED GASOLINE
US EPA
US ORGANIZATIONS
VALVES
VEHICLES
VISCOSITY