Advances in ethanol production using immobilized cell systems
The application of immobilized cell systems for the production of ethanol has resulted in substantial improvements in the efficiency of the process when compared to the traditional free cell system. In this review, the various methods of cell immobilization employed in ethanol production systems have been described in detail. Their salient features, performance characteristics, advantages and limitations have been critically assessed. More recently, these immobilized cell systems have also been employed for the production of ethanol from non-conventional feedstocks such as Jerusalem artichoke extracts, cheese whey, cellulose, cellobiose and xylose. Ethanol production by immobilized yeast and bacterial cells has been attempted in various bioreactor types. Although most of these studies have been carried out using laboratory scale prototype bioreactors, it appears that only fluidized bed, horizontally packed bed bioreactors and tower fermenters may find application on scale-up. Several studies have indicated that upon immobilization, yeast cells performing ethanol fermentation exhibit more favourable physiological and metabolic properties. This, in addition to substantial improvements in ethanol productivities by immobilized cell systems, is indicative of the fact that future developments in the production of ethanol and alcoholic beverages will be directed towards the use of immobilized cell systems. 291 references.
- Research Organization:
- Univ. of Western Ontario, London, Canada
- OSTI ID:
- 5634197
- Journal Information:
- CRC Crit. Rev. Biotechnol.; (United States), Journal Name: CRC Crit. Rev. Biotechnol.; (United States) Vol. 1:4; ISSN CRBTE
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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ALCOHOLS
ALDEHYDES
BACTERIA
BATCH CULTURE
BIOCONVERSION
BIOREACTORS
CARBOHYDRATES
CELLULOSE
CONTINUOUS CULTURE
DESIGN
DOCUMENT TYPES
EFFICIENCY
ETHANOL
FERMENTATION
FUNGI
HYDROXY COMPOUNDS
IMMOBILIZED CELLS
INDUSTRIAL WASTES
MICROORGANISMS
MONOSACCHARIDES
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
PENTOSES
PLANTS
POLYSACCHARIDES
PRODUCTION
REVIEWS
SACCHARIDES
TECHNOLOGY ASSESSMENT
TUBERS
WASTES
WHEY
XYLOSE
YEASTS