Cytotoxic effects of four types of welding fumes on macrophages in vitro: a comparative study

Journal Article · Tue Dec 31 23:00:00 EST 1985 · J. Toxicol. Environ. Health; (United States)

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1080/15287398609530855· OSTI ID:5574438

Pasanen, J T; Gustafsson, T E; Kalliomaeki, P L.T.; Tossavainen, A; Jaervisalo, J O

The effects of fume particles given off by the manual metal arc (MMA) and metal inert gas (MIG) welding of stainless steel (SS) and mild steel (MS) were studied on rat alveolar macrophage cultures in vitro. The fumes were generated by welding, and particulate material obtained was collected on membrane filters. The macrophage cultures were exposed to the total dust and to its water-insoluble fractions. Cell variability and the release of both lactate dehydrogenase and one lysosomal enzyme from the cells to the medium were measured after an exposure period of 24 h. The cytotoxic control dust was DQ 12 quartz, and the inert control dust was pure titanium dioxide. According to the parameters studied, SS/MMA and MS/MMA welding fumes were cytotoxic to rat alveolar macrophages. The cytotoxic effect of SS/MMA welding fumes decreased after the samples had been washed with phosphate-buffered salt solution. The MIG welding fumes of SS and MS had markedly smaller effects on the cells. Diluted solutions of potassium chromate were also tested in order to investigate its role in the cytotoxicity of SS/MMA welding fumes. The results suggest that hexavalent chromium may be responsible for the cytotoxicity of SS/MMA.

• Research Organization: Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Finland
• OSTI ID: 5574438
• Journal Information: J. Toxicol. Environ. Health; (United States), Journal Name: J. Toxicol. Environ. Health; (United States) Vol. 1; ISSN JTEHD
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

560301* -- Chemicals Metabolism & Toxicology-- Cells-- (-1987)
63 RADIATION, THERMAL, AND OTHER ENVIRON. POLLUTANT EFFECTS ON LIVING ORGS. AND BIOL. MAT.
AEROSOLS
AIR POLLUTION
ALLOYS
ANIMAL CELLS
ANIMALS
CELL CULTURES
CHROMIUM
CHROMIUM ALLOYS
COLLOIDS
COMPARATIVE EVALUATIONS
CONNECTIVE TISSUE CELLS
CORROSION RESISTANT ALLOYS
DISPERSIONS
ELEMENTS
ENZYMES
FABRICATION
IRON ALLOYS
IRON BASE ALLOYS
JOINING
MACROPHAGES
MAMMALS
METALS
OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE
OXIDOREDUCTASES
PHAGOCYTES
POLLUTION
RATS
RODENTS
SENSITIVITY
SOLS
SOMATIC CELLS
STAINLESS STEELS
STEELS
TOXICITY
TRANSITION ELEMENTS
VERTEBRATES
WELDING