Fungal degradation of kraft lignin and lignin sulfonates prepared from synthetic 14C-lignins
Technical Report
·
OSTI ID:5572151
Kraft lignins (KL), bleached kraft lignins (BKL), and lignin sulfonates (LS) were prepared from synthetic (14)C-lignins labeled in the aromatic nuclei or in the propyl side chains. These and control lignins (CL) were incubated with the lignin-decomposing white-rot fungus, Phanerochaete chrysosporium Burds., in a defined culture medium containing cellulose as growth substrate. Decomposition was monitored by measuring the (14)CO2 evolved. Average percentages of the (ring-(14)C)- and (side chain-(14)C)-lignins, respectively, recovered as (14)CO2 at the cessation of (14)CO2 evolution were: KL, 41 and 31; BKL, 42 and 26; LS, 28 and 21; and CL, 26 and 24. Gel permeation chromatography of radiolabeled materials extracted from spent cultures showed that substantial degradation to nonvolatile products had occurred. The polymeric components in the extracts were further degraded in fresh cultures. These results indicate that industrial lignins are significantly bioalterable, and that under favorable conditions industrial lignins are substantially biodegradable. Millions of tons of kraft lignin and lignin sulfonates are produced annually, but value derived from them as commercial products is relatively low. This is despite long-term research efforts to use industrial lignins or derivatives as polymeric materials or as a source of organic chemicals. The tremendous potential for use of industrial lignins is apparent.
- Research Organization:
- Forest Products Lab., Madison, WI (USA)
- OSTI ID:
- 5572151
- Report Number(s):
- PB-298964
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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Related Subjects
37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL, AND ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
400301* -- Organic Chemistry-- Chemical & Physicochemical Properties-- (-1987)
BIODEGRADATION
CARBOHYDRATES
CARBON 14 COMPOUNDS
CARBON COMPOUNDS
CARBON DIOXIDE
CARBON OXIDES
CHALCOGENIDES
CHEMICAL ANALYSIS
CHEMICAL REACTIONS
DECOMPOSITION
EXTRACTION
FUNGI
ISOTOPE APPLICATIONS
LABELLED COMPOUNDS
LABELLING
LIGNIN
MONITORING
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
ORGANIC SULFUR COMPOUNDS
OXIDES
OXYGEN COMPOUNDS
PLANTS
POLYSACCHARIDES
SACCHARIDES
SEPARATION PROCESSES
SULFONATES
TRACER TECHNIQUES
400301* -- Organic Chemistry-- Chemical & Physicochemical Properties-- (-1987)
BIODEGRADATION
CARBOHYDRATES
CARBON 14 COMPOUNDS
CARBON COMPOUNDS
CARBON DIOXIDE
CARBON OXIDES
CHALCOGENIDES
CHEMICAL ANALYSIS
CHEMICAL REACTIONS
DECOMPOSITION
EXTRACTION
FUNGI
ISOTOPE APPLICATIONS
LABELLED COMPOUNDS
LABELLING
LIGNIN
MONITORING
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
ORGANIC SULFUR COMPOUNDS
OXIDES
OXYGEN COMPOUNDS
PLANTS
POLYSACCHARIDES
SACCHARIDES
SEPARATION PROCESSES
SULFONATES
TRACER TECHNIQUES