Clinical biochemistry of aluminum
Journal Article
·
· CRC Crit. Rev. Clin. Lab. Sci.; (United States)
Aluminum toxicity has been implicated in the pathogenesis of a number of clinical disorders in patients with chronic renal failure on long-term intermittent hemodialysis treatment. The predominant disorders have been those involving either bone (osteomalacic dialysis osteodystrophy) or brain (dialysis encephalopathy). In nonuremic patients, an increased brain aluminum concentration has been implicated as a neurotoxic agent in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease and was associated with experimental neurofibrillary degeneration in animals. The brain aluminum concentrations of patients dying with the syndrome of dialysis encephalopathy (dialysis dementia) are significantly higher than in dialyzed patients without the syndrome and in nondialyzed patients. Two potential sources for the increased tissue content of aluminum in patients on hemodialysis have been proposed: (1) intestinal absorption from aluminum containing phosphate-binding gels, and (2) transfer across the dialysis membrane from aluminum in the water used to prepare the dialysate. These findings, coupled with our everyday exposure to the ubiquitous occurrence of aluminum in nature, have created concerns over the potential toxicity of this metal.
- Research Organization:
- Univ. of Virginia Medical Center, Charlottesville, VA
- OSTI ID:
- 5543359
- Journal Information:
- CRC Crit. Rev. Clin. Lab. Sci.; (United States), Journal Name: CRC Crit. Rev. Clin. Lab. Sci.; (United States) Vol. 14:1; ISSN CRCLB
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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Related Subjects
550600 -- Medicine
560306* -- Chemicals Metabolism & Toxicology-- Man-- (-1987)
62 RADIOLOGY AND NUCLEAR MEDICINE
63 RADIATION, THERMAL, AND OTHER ENVIRON. POLLUTANT EFFECTS ON LIVING ORGS. AND BIOL. MAT.
ABSORPTION
ALUMINIUM
BODY
CHEMICAL ANALYSIS
CHEMICAL PROPERTIES
DIALYSIS
DISEASES
DOCUMENT TYPES
ELEMENTS
INTESTINAL ABSORPTION
METABOLISM
METALS
NERVOUS SYSTEM
ORGANS
PATIENTS
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
REVIEWS
SEPARATION PROCESSES
SKELETON
THERAPY
TOXICITY
UPTAKE
560306* -- Chemicals Metabolism & Toxicology-- Man-- (-1987)
62 RADIOLOGY AND NUCLEAR MEDICINE
63 RADIATION, THERMAL, AND OTHER ENVIRON. POLLUTANT EFFECTS ON LIVING ORGS. AND BIOL. MAT.
ABSORPTION
ALUMINIUM
BODY
CHEMICAL ANALYSIS
CHEMICAL PROPERTIES
DIALYSIS
DISEASES
DOCUMENT TYPES
ELEMENTS
INTESTINAL ABSORPTION
METABOLISM
METALS
NERVOUS SYSTEM
ORGANS
PATIENTS
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
REVIEWS
SEPARATION PROCESSES
SKELETON
THERAPY
TOXICITY
UPTAKE