New technologies for the use of alternative fuels in European district heating systems

Conference · Tue Jan 01 04:00:00 EST 1985 · ASHRAE Trans.; (United States)

OSTI ID:5537263

Kainlauri, E O

In Europe, district heating systems with cogeneration are used extensively. In the United States, old district heating systems, using primarily steam for heat transfer, are losing in the competition to cheaper fuels. However, in both Europe and the United States, a shift has taken place in recent years to reduce the use of fossil fuels and start using renewable sources such as wood paste, peat, municipal solid waste, agricultural biomass, geothermal energy and energy extraction from waste water, solar assistance and thermal storage, low peak hydroelectric power, and cooling water from nuclear plants. In the United States, renewed interest has arisen in district heating and cooling, including the use of hot water systems and research in the use of renewable sources of energy. Cogeneration for district heating and cooling is by itself a form of energy conservation as the fuel efficiency of a power plant is raised from a level of often less than 30% to 80% or more. Combined with retrofitting buildings with superinsulation on a community-wide basis, and with new technologies and efficiencies gained with the use of low temperature, low pressure hot water, and chilled water from seasonal storage systems, district heating provides a reliable and economical energy source for modern cities. Multifuel equipment offers a choice of energy production strategies and increases fuel efficiency in community-wide systems.

• Research Organization: Dept. of Architecture, Iowa State Univ., Ames, IA
• OSTI ID: 5537263
• Report Number(s): CONF-850606-
• Conference Information: Journal Name: ASHRAE Trans.; (United States) Journal Volume: 91:2B
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

29 ENERGY PLANNING, POLICY, AND ECONOMY
290200 -- Energy Planning & Policy-- Economics & Sociology
290800* -- Energy Planning & Policy-- Heat Utilization-- (1980-)
293000 -- Energy Planning & Policy-- Policy
Legislation
& Regulation
299000 -- Energy Planning & Policy-- Unconventional Sources & Power Generation
AGRICULTURAL WASTES
BIOMASS
CENTRAL HEATING PLANTS
CHEMICAL REACTIONS
COGENERATION
COMBUSTION
COOLANTS
COOLING
DEUS
DISTRICT COOLING
DISTRICT HEATING
DOCUMENT TYPES
ECONOMICS
ENERGY
ENERGY POLICY
ENERGY RECOVERY
ENERGY SOURCE DEVELOPMENT
ENERGY SOURCES
ENERGY STORAGE
ENERGY SYSTEMS
EQUIPMENT
EUROPE
FOSSIL FUELS
FUEL ECONOMY
FUEL SUBSTITUTION
FUELS
GEOTHERMAL ENERGY
GOVERNMENT POLICIES
HEAT STORAGE
HEATING
HOT WATER
HYDROELECTRIC POWER PLANTS
HYDROGEN COMPOUNDS
LIQUID WASTES
LOW-HEAD HYDROELECTRIC POWER PLANTS
MUNICIPAL WASTES
NORTH AMERICA
NUCLEAR FACILITIES
NUCLEAR POWER PLANTS
ORGANIC MATTER
ORGANIC WASTES
OXIDATION
OXYGEN COMPOUNDS
PEAT
POWER GENERATION
POWER PLANTS
RECOVERY
RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCES
RETROFITTING
REVIEWS
SEASONAL THERMAL ENERGY STORAGE
SOLAR ENERGY
SOLID WASTES
STEAM GENERATION
STORAGE
THERMAL ENERGY STORAGE EQUIPMENT
THERMAL INSULATION
THERMAL POWER PLANTS
THERMOCHEMICAL PROCESSES
URBAN AREAS
USA
WASTE PRODUCT UTILIZATION
WASTE WATER
WASTES
WATER
WOOD WASTES