Enhanced jun gene expression is an early genomic response to transforming growth factor. beta. stimulation
- Helsinki Univ. (Finland)
- University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA (USA). Dept. of Microbiology
Transforming growth factor {beta} (TGF{beta}) is a multifunctional polypeptide4 that regulates proliferation, differentiation, and other functions of many cell types. The pathway of TGF{beta} signal transduction in cells is unknown. The authors report here that an early effect of TGF{beta} is an enhancement of the expression of two genes encoding serum- and phorbol ester tumor promoter-regulated transcription factors: the junB gene and the c-jun proto-oncogene, respectively. This stimulation was observed in human lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells which were growth inhibited by TGF{beta}, AKR-2B mouse embryo fibroblasts which were growth stimulated by TGF{beta}, and K562 human erythroleukemia cells, which were not appreciably affected in their growth by TFG{beta}. The increase in jun mRNA occurred with picomolar TGF{beta} concentrations within 1 h of TGF{beta} stimulation, reached a peak between 1 and 5 h in different cells, and declined gradually to base-fine levels. This mRNA response was followed by a large increase in the biosynthesis of the c-jun protein (AP-1), as shown by metabolic labeling and immunoprecipitation analysis. However, differential and cell type-specific regulation appeared to determine the timing and magnitude of the response of each jun gene in a given cell. In AKR-2B and NIH 3T3 cells, only junB was induced by TGF{beta}, evidently in a protein synthesis-independent fashion. The junB response to TGF{beta} was maintained in c-Ha-ras and neu oncogene-transformed cells. Thus, one of the earliest genomic responses to TGF{beta} may involve nuclear signal transduction and amplification by the junB and c-jun transcription factors in concert with c-fos, which is also induced. The differential activation of the jun genes may explain some of the pleiotropic effects of TGF{beta}.
- OSTI ID:
- 5518574
- Journal Information:
- Molecular and Cellular Biology; (USA), Vol. 9:3; ISSN 0270-7306
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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