Contribution of DNA single-strand breaks to the formation of chromosome aberrations and SCEs
The induction of sister chromatid exchanges (SCEs) and chromosomal aberrations (CAs) with bleomycin (BLM), hydrogen peroxide (H/sub 2/O/sub 2/), short- wave ultraviolet (UV)-irradiation, and long-wave UV-irradiation was investigated in V79 cells with BrdUrd-substituted DNA. The application of a Neurospora endonuclease (NE) which specifically cleaves single- stranded DNA after these treatments showed that DNA single-strand breaks (SSBs) are induced by these agents. The SSBs are converted to double- strand breaks (DSBs) by NE and become visible as CAs on metaphase chromosomes. H/sub 2/O/sub 2/ and both types of UV-irradiation also led to an induction of CAs and SCEs, whereas BLM only induced aberrations. Cysteine (Cys) reduced the frequency of the induced SSB-dependent CAs in all treatments, but had no influence on the SCE frequencies after BLM and H/sub 2/O/sub 2/ treatment and had only a slight effect on the UV-induced SCEs. The results confirm the opinion that directly induced SSBs can contribute to the induction of CAs in cells with BrdUrd-substituted DNA, but that these SSBs are not efficiently converted to SCEs. The more recent conceptions regarding the mechanism of SCE are in accordance with these findings and the conclusions derived therefrom. 60 references.
- Research Organization:
- Universitaet Ulm, Federal Republic of Germany
- OSTI ID:
- 5517803
- Journal Information:
- Basic Life Sci.; (United States), Journal Name: Basic Life Sci.; (United States); ISSN BLFSB
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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Related Subjects
560301 -- Chemicals Metabolism & Toxicology-- Cells-- (-1987)
63 RADIATION, THERMAL, AND OTHER ENVIRON. POLLUTANT EFFECTS ON LIVING ORGS. AND BIOL. MAT.
AMINO ACIDS
ANIMAL CELLS
ANTI-INFECTIVE AGENTS
ANTIBIOTICS
ANTIMETABOLITES
ANTIMITOTIC DRUGS
ANTINEOPLASTIC DRUGS
AZINES
BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS
BIOLOGICAL RADIATION EFFECTS
BLEOMYCIN
CARBOXYLIC ACIDS
CHROMOSOMAL ABERRATIONS
CHROMOSOMES
CONNECTIVE TISSUE CELLS
CYSTEINE
DEOXYURIDINE
DNA
DNA-ASE
DRUGS
ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION
ENDONUCLEASES
ENZYMES
ESTERASES
FIBROBLASTS
GENETIC EFFECTS
GENETIC RADIATION EFFECTS
HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
HYDROGEN COMPOUNDS
HYDROGEN PEROXIDE
HYDROLASES
HYDROXY COMPOUNDS
MUTATIONS
NUCLEIC ACIDS
NUCLEOSIDES
NUCLEOTIDES
ORGANIC ACIDS
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
ORGANIC NITROGEN COMPOUNDS
ORGANIC SULFUR COMPOUNDS
OXYGEN COMPOUNDS
PEROXIDES
PHOSPHODIESTERASES
PYRIMIDINES
RADIATION EFFECTS
RADIATIONS
RIBOSIDES
SISTER CHROMATID EXCHANGES
SOMATIC CELLS
STRAND BREAKS
THIOLS
ULTRAVIOLET RADIATION
URACILS