Early transient incapacitation: a review with consideration of underlying mechanisms. [Performance decrement resulting from supralethal radiation exposure]
Early transient incapacitation (ETI), which is a decrement in the performance of a specified task resulting from the effects of supralethal ionizing radiation exposures, has been observed in a number of animal species. Since nuclear weapons result in radiation fields sufficient to cause ETI in personnel that may be exposed, an understanding of the mechanism of this phenomenon is essential for the development of a rational plan for preventing or reversing the effect. This report is a review of the behavioral experiments concerning ETI and presents a critical analysis of available experimental information as to the cause of the phenomenon. It appears that the primary cause of ETI in experimental animals is probably faintness resulting from a fall in cerebral blood flow due to the direct action of histamine on blood vessel smooth muscle cells.
- Research Organization:
- Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Inst., Bethesda, MD (USA)
- OSTI ID:
- 5499918
- Report Number(s):
- AD-A-071803
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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BEHAVIOR
BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS
BLOOD FLOW
BLOOD PRESSURE
BRAIN
EARLY RADIATION EFFECTS
HISTAMINE
IONIZING RADIATIONS
MONKEYS
RADIOINDUCTION
SUPRALETHAL IRRADIATION
SWINE
VASOCONSTRICTION
AMINES
ANIMALS
AZOLES
BIOLOGICAL RADIATION EFFECTS
BODY
CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM
DOMESTIC ANIMALS
HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
IMIDAZOLES
IRRADIATION
MAMMALS
NERVOUS SYSTEM
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
ORGANIC NITROGEN COMPOUNDS
ORGANS
PRIMATES
RADIATION EFFECTS
RADIATIONS
VERTEBRATES
560400* - Other Environmental Pollutant Effects