Disodium cromoglycate, a mast-cell stabilizer, alters postradiation regional cerebral blood flow in primates

Journal Article · Tue Dec 31 23:00:00 EST 1985 · J. Toxicol. Environ. Health; (United States)

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1080/15287398609530850· OSTI ID:5525172

Cockerham, L G; Doyle, T F; Pautler, E L; Hampton, J D

Early transient incapacitation (ETI) is the complete cessation of performance during the first 30 min after radiation exposure, and performance decrement (PD) is a reduction in performance at the same time. Supralethal doses of radiation have been shown to produce a marked decrease in regional cerebral blood flow in primates concurrent with systemic hypotension and a dramatic release of mast-cell histamine. In an attempt to elucidate mechanisms underlying the radiation-induced ETI/PD phenomena and the postradiation decrease in cerebral blood flow, primates were given the mast-cell stabilizers disodium cromoglycate (DSCG) or BRL 22321 before exposure to 100 Gy whole-body gamma radiation. Hypothalamic and cortical blood flows were measured by hydrogen clearance, before and after radiation exposure. Systemic blood pressures were determined simultaneously. The data indicated that DSCG was successful in diminishing postradiation decrease in cerebral blood flow. Irradiated animals pretreated with DSCG, showed only a 10% decrease in hypothalamic blood flow 60 min postradiation, while untreated, irradiated animals showed a 57% decrease. The cortical blood flow of DSCG treated, irradiated animals showed a triphasic response, with a decrease of 38% at 10 min postradiation, then a rise to 1% below baseline at 20 min, followed by a fall to 42% below baseline by 50 min postradiation. In contrast, the untreated, irradiated animals showed a steady decrease in cortical blood flow to 79% below baseline by 50 min postradiation. There was no significant difference in blood-pressure response between the treated and untreated, irradiated animals. Systemic blood pressure showed a 60% decrease at 10 min postradiation, falling to a 71% decrease by 60 min.

• Research Organization: Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute, Bethesda, MD
• OSTI ID: 5525172
• Journal Information: J. Toxicol. Environ. Health; (United States), Journal Name: J. Toxicol. Environ. Health; (United States) Vol. 1; ISSN JTEHD
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

560152* -- Radiation Effects on Animals-- Animals
63 RADIATION, THERMAL, AND OTHER ENVIRON. POLLUTANT EFFECTS ON LIVING ORGS. AND BIOL. MAT.
ANIMAL CELLS
ANIMALS
ANTIHISTAMINICS
BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS
BIOLOGICAL RADIATION EFFECTS
BLOOD FLOW
BLOOD PRESSURE
BODY
BRAIN
CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM
CEREBRAL CORTEX
CEREBRUM
CONNECTIVE TISSUE CELLS
DOSES
DRUGS
ELECTRIC CONDUCTIVITY
ELECTRICAL PROPERTIES
ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION
EXTERNAL IRRADIATION
GAMMA RADIATION
HYPOTHALAMUS
IONIZING RADIATIONS
IRRADIATION
MAMMALS
MAST CELLS
NERVOUS SYSTEM
ORGANS
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
PRIMATES
RADIATION DOSES
RADIATION EFFECTS
RADIATIONS
RADIOSENSITIVITY EFFECTS
SOMATIC CELLS
VERTEBRATES
WHOLE-BODY IRRADIATION