High solute rejecting membranes for reverse osmosis: Polyetheramide hydrazide

Journal Article · Tue Jan 01 04:00:00 EST 1991 · Separation Science and Technology; (United States)

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1080/01496399108049902· OSTI ID:5493304

Bindal, R C; Ramachandhran, V; Misra, B M; Ramani, M P.S. ^[1]

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1. Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Bombay (India)

Synthesis of benzhydrazide polymers and determination of reverse osmosis properties of their membranes were reported earlier. Their performance was not adequate for seawater desalination or for high radioactive decontamination factors (DF). The same hydrazide polymers modified by incorporation of additional monomers with ether linkages were synthesized by low temperature polycondensation of freshly prepared m-amino benzhydrazide, p-amino benzhydrazide, and 4,4{prime}-diamino diphenyl ether, with isophthaloyl chloride and terephthaloyl chloride in dimethyl acetamide solvent. A series of film-forming polymers prepared by altering the molar ratios of the reacting monomers were characterized in terms of percent moisture regain, inherent viscosity, solubility parameters, and interfacial sorption characteristics. Asymmetric membranes prepared from these polymer samples were characterized in terms of the pure water permeability constant and the solute transport parameter, and were tested for their reverse osmosis performance. An optimum mole ratio of reaching monomers has been identified for the synthesis of polymer and the resulting membrane offered the best performance for reverse osmosis (salt rejection as high as 99.4% for 3.5% sodium chloride solution). The incorporation of aromatic ether linkages in the polyamide benzhydrazide polymeric chains appears to alter the polar and nonpolar character of the bulk polymer, and also the membrane solution interface characteristics, resulting in enhanced solute separation. These membranes appear to be potential candidates for single-stage seawater desalination and also for a variety of industrial effluent treatment applications for significantly high DF radioactive effluent treatment.

• OSTI ID: 5493304
• Journal Information: Separation Science and Technology; (United States), Journal Name: Separation Science and Technology; (United States) Vol. 26:5; ISSN SSTED; ISSN 0149-6395
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

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052001* -- Nuclear Fuels-- Waste Processing
12 MANAGEMENT OF RADIOACTIVE AND NON-RADIOACTIVE WASTES FROM NUCLEAR FACILITIES
CHEMICAL REACTIONS
CLEANING
DATA
DECONTAMINATION
DEHYDROCYCLIZATION
DEMINERALIZATION
DESALINATION
DIFFUSION
ETHERS
EXPERIMENTAL DATA
FILMS
HYDRAZIDES
HYDROGEN COMPOUNDS
INFORMATION
INTERFACES
MANAGEMENT
MEMBRANE TRANSPORT
MEMBRANES
MODIFICATIONS
MOISTURE
MONOMERS
NUMERICAL DATA
OPTIMIZATION
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
ORGANIC NITROGEN COMPOUNDS
ORGANIC OXYGEN COMPOUNDS
ORGANIC POLYMERS
OSMOSIS
OXYGEN COMPOUNDS
PERFORMANCE TESTING
PERMEABILITY
POLYAMIDES
POLYMERS
PROCESSING
RADIOACTIVE WASTE MANAGEMENT
RADIOACTIVE WASTE PROCESSING
SEAWATER
SEPARATION PROCESSES
SOLUBILITY
SOLUTES
SORPTIVE PROPERTIES
SURFACE PROPERTIES
SYNTHESIS
TESTING
VISCOSITY
WASTE MANAGEMENT
WASTE PROCESSING
WATER