Dosimetry of the gastrointestinal tract
In order to obtain information on radiation doses to the intestine, doses were determined in dogs for beta-emitters that might be delivered to critical cells in the bowel in the event of an accident. Thermoluminescent dosimeters were implanted beneath the large-bowel mucosa of dogs that had ingested /sup 106/Ru-/sup 106/Rh (1.4 MeV anti E/sub ..beta../). Results were related to toxicity in the dogs and extrapolated to toxicity observed in other experiments with suckling, weanling and adult rats similarly treated. That information enabled us to calculate the depth of the critical cells in both dogs and rats. Further studies, in rats, with a weak beta-emitter, /sup 147/Pm, and an intermediate-energy beta-emitter, /sup 91/Y, supported that extrapolation. The doses delivered to target cells differed from the doses calculated at the mucosal surface of the large bowel by a factor of as much as 50, depending on the beta-emitter ingested. In the neonatal rats, death resulted from damage to cells within the mucosa of the small bowel, demonstrating that these animals were more sensitive to intestinal irradiation from /sup 106/Ru-/sup 106/Rh, on a body-weight basis, than weanlings or adult rats. Studies with isotopes, of thorium, uranium, protactinium, neptunium, plutonium, americium, curium, and einsteinium showed that substantial amounts of these alpha-emitting actinides were retained in the intestines of neonatal rats, guinea pigs, dogs, and swine after gavage. 26 refs., 7 figs.
- Research Organization:
- Pacific Northwest Lab., Richland, WA (USA)
- DOE Contract Number:
- AC06-76RL01830
- OSTI ID:
- 5478941
- Report Number(s):
- PNL-SA-14432; CONF-861123-10; ON: DE88005174
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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560162 -- Radionuclide Effects
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63 RADIATION, THERMAL, AND OTHER ENVIRON. POLLUTANT EFFECTS ON LIVING ORGS. AND BIOL. MAT.
ACTINIDE ISOTOPES
ACTINIDE NUCLEI
ALPHA DECAY RADIOISOTOPES
ANIMALS
BETA DECAY RADIOISOTOPES
BETA-MINUS DECAY RADIOISOTOPES
DATA
DAYS LIVING RADIOISOTOPES
DIGESTIVE SYSTEM
DOGS
DOSEMETERS
DOSES
EVEN-EVEN NUCLEI
EXPERIMENTAL DATA
GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT
HEAVY NUCLEI
HOURS LIVING RADIOISOTOPES
INFORMATION
INTERMEDIATE MASS NUCLEI
ISOMERIC TRANSITION ISOTOPES
ISOTOPES
LETHAL DOSES
LUMINESCENT DOSEMETERS
MAMMALS
MEASURING INSTRUMENTS
MEMBRANES
MINUTES LIVING RADIOISOTOPES
MUCOUS MEMBRANES
NUCLEI
NUMERICAL DATA
ODD-EVEN NUCLEI
ODD-ODD NUCLEI
ORAL ADMINISTRATION
PLUTONIUM 238
PLUTONIUM ISOTOPES
PROMETHIUM 147
PROMETHIUM ISOTOPES
RADIATION DOSES
RADIOISOTOPES
RADIOSENSITIVITY
RARE EARTH ISOTOPES
RARE EARTH NUCLEI
RATS
RHODIUM 106
RHODIUM ISOTOPES
RODENTS
RUTHENIUM 106
RUTHENIUM ISOTOPES
SECONDS LIVING RADIOISOTOPES
THERMOLUMINESCENT DOSEMETERS
TOXICITY
VERTEBRATES
YEARS LIVING RADIOISOTOPES
YTTRIUM 91
YTTRIUM ISOTOPES