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Anaphase aberrations: a measure of genotoxicity in mutagen-treated fish cells

Journal Article · · Environ. Mutagen.; (United States)
; ;
Rainbow trout gonad cells (RTG-2) were cultured for various lengths of time in the presence of several classes of known mutagenic chemicals and several related compounds that possessed no known mutagenic/carcinogenic activity. During the course of exposure the cells were examined for the presence of abnormalities in the chromosome arrangement of anaphase figures during mitosis. Untreated and solvent-treated (dimethylsulfoxide-treated) cells exhibited a background abnormality rate of 12% with only minor chromosomal defects being observed. This was also true for those cells exposed to naphthol and anthracene, two chemicals with no proven mutagenic or carcinogenic activity. Conversely, significant increases in the frequency of anaphase aberrations were produced in cells treated with N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine, benzo(a)pyrene, 9-aminoacridine and mitomycin-C. These abnormalities were also far more complex and extensive than those observed in the control and nonmutagen-treated cells. Many species of fish have extremely small and numerous chromosomes, making resolution of chromosome defects such as sister chromatid exchange and deletions more difficult than in most mammalian diploid cells, which generally have larger and fewer chromosomes. Examination of cells during anaphase eliminates the need to observed each chromosome separately as well as the need to produce well-spread metaphase chromosomes. (JMT)
Research Organization:
Univ. of Washington, Seattle
OSTI ID:
5473427
Journal Information:
Environ. Mutagen.; (United States), Journal Name: Environ. Mutagen.; (United States) Vol. 4:2; ISSN ENMUD
Country of Publication:
United States
Language:
English

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Related Subjects

560305* -- Chemicals Metabolism & Toxicology-- Vertebrates-- (-1987)
63 RADIATION, THERMAL, AND OTHER ENVIRON. POLLUTANT EFFECTS ON LIVING ORGS. AND BIOL. MAT.
ACRIDINES
ANIMALS
ANTI-INFECTIVE AGENTS
ANTIBIOTICS
ANTIMITOTIC DRUGS
ANTINEOPLASTIC DRUGS
AQUATIC ORGANISMS
AROMATICS
AZINES
BENZOPYRENE
BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS
CARBONIC ACID DERIVATIVES
CARCINOGENS
CELL CULTURES
CELL DIVISION
CHROMOSOMAL ABERRATIONS
CONDENSED AROMATICS
DRUGS
FISHES
GENETIC EFFECTS
GONADS
GUANIDINES
HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
HYDROCARBONS
MITOMYCIN
MITOSIS
MUTAGENS
MUTATIONS
NITROSO COMPOUNDS
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
ORGANIC NITROGEN COMPOUNDS
PYRIDINES
TROUT
VERTEBRATES