The events and regulation of anaphase onset

Conference · Fri Dec 31 04:00:00 EST 1993

OSTI ID:28444

Sluder, G ^[1]; Rieder, C L ^[2]

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1. Worcester Foundation for Experimental Biology, Shrewsbury, MA (United States)
2. Wadsworth Center for Laboratories and Research, Albany, NY (United States)

Aneuploidy results from the malsegregation of one or more chromosomes during mitosis or meiosis. It can occur from the non-disjunction of a chromosome, the complete failure of a chromosome to attach to the spindle, the assembly of a multipolar spindle, or the failure of a mono-oriented chromosome to achieve a bipolar attachment prior to chromatid disjunction. Given that aneuploidy has serious, often lethal, consequences for the individual organism, fidelity of chromosome distribution during cell division is of obvious importance. Cells must not only regulate the spatial arrangement and distribution of chromosomes to ensure their equal partition but also tightly coordinate the start of poleward chromosome movements in mitosis with the concurrent orderly return to interphase. Anaphase onset is commonly defined as that point during mitosis and meiosis when the sister chromatids (or meiosis I bivalents) aligned on the spindle equator separate or {open_quotes}disjoin{close_quotes} from each other and start moving towards opposite spindle poles. It represents the culmination of the many preparations for division and the start of the actual partition of the cell. However, there is much more to anaphase onset than just meets the eye. Anaphase onset for the chromosomes is coincident with the metaphase-anaphase transition point in the cell cycle that triggers the events that finish mitosis (or meiosis) and return the cell to interphase. In this chapter we briefly review anaphase onset from the standpoint of both chromosomal events and cell cycle progression. We then outline the interrelationship between these two processes, and what little is known about the mechanisms that control them, without pretense of providing a complete review of the several active areas of research involved.

• OSTI ID: 28444
• Report Number(s): CONF-9210475--Cond.; CNN: Grant NIH GM 30758; Grant NCI PO 30-12708; Grant GMS-R0140198
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

55 BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
BASIC STUDIES
ANEUPLOIDY
ANIMAL CELLS
CELL CYCLE
CELL DIVISION
CENTROMERES
CHROMATIDS
CHROMOSOMAL ABERRATIONS
CHROMOSOMES
MICROTUBULES
NON-DISJUNCTION
STRUCTURE-ACTIVITY RELATIONSHIPS