DNA repair and chromosome aberrations: the effect of cytosine arabinoside on the frequency of chromosome aberrations induced by radiation and chemicals

Journal Article · Tue Jan 01 04:00:00 EST 1980 · Teratog., Carcinog., Mutagen.; (United States)

OSTI ID:5403971

Preston, R J

The frequency of x-ray-induced chromosome aberrations in G0 human lymphocytes was greatly increased when cells were incubated with cytosine arabinoside (ara-C) after irradiation. The frequency of dicentrics increased with increasing ara-C incubation times (one, two, and three hours). Lymphocytes from Down syndrome individuals were more sensitive to aberration induction by x-rays in G0, and the increase in dicentric frequency with ara-C incubation was much more rapid than with normal cells. When G2 normal lymphocytes were x-irradiated and incubated for two or three hours with ara-C until fixation, there was a large increase in deletion frequency compared to cells x-irradiated and incubated in the absence of ara-C. However, no exchanges were observed in the presence of ara-C, compared to 0.29 per cell as when x-rays alone were given. These results form the basis for a discussion of the mechanism of aberration induction by x-rays. Experiments with two chemicals, 4-nitroquinoline-N-oxide and methyl methanesulfonate, show that chromosome-type aberrations can be induced in G1 treated lymphocytes incubated with ara-C. However, these chemicals, in the absence of ara-C incubation, induced no aberrations in G1 at the concentrations used. The mechanism of aberration induction is discussed, particularly in terms of whether or not chemicals can be defined as S-phase dependent.

• Research Organization: Biology Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Tennessee
• OSTI ID: 5403971
• Journal Information: Teratog., Carcinog., Mutagen.; (United States), Journal Name: Teratog., Carcinog., Mutagen.; (United States) Vol. 1:2; ISSN TCMUD
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

550300 -- Cytology
560121* -- Radiation Effects on Cells-- External Source-- (-1987)
59 BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
63 RADIATION, THERMAL, AND OTHER ENVIRON. POLLUTANT EFFECTS ON LIVING ORGS. AND BIOL. MAT.
ALDEHYDES
AMINES
ANIMAL CELLS
ARABINOSE
AZINES
BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS
BIOLOGICAL MATERIALS
BIOLOGICAL RADIATION EFFECTS
BIOLOGICAL RECOVERY
BIOLOGICAL REPAIR
BLOOD
BLOOD CELLS
BODY FLUIDS
CARBOHYDRATES
CELL CYCLE
CHROMOSOMAL ABERRATIONS
CHROMOSOMES
CONNECTIVE TISSUE CELLS
CYTOSINE
DNA
ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION
HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
IONIZING RADIATIONS
LEUKOCYTES
LYMPHOCYTES
MATERIALS
MONOSACCHARIDES
MUTATIONS
NUCLEIC ACIDS
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
ORGANIC NITROGEN COMPOUNDS
ORGANIC OXYGEN COMPOUNDS
PENTOSES
PYRIMIDINES
RADIATION EFFECTS
RADIATIONS
RADIOINDUCTION
RADIOSENSITIVITY
RADIOSENSITIVITY EFFECTS
RECOVERY
REPAIR
SACCHARIDES
SOMATIC CELLS
X RADIATION