Comparative mutagenesis of various combustion products using a Salmonella typhimurium assay

Journal Article · Mon Jan 01 04:00:00 EST 1979 · Genetics; (United States)

OSTI ID:5366663

Claxton, L; Huisingh, J

Various combustion products are known to contain carcinogenic and mutagenic chemicals such as benzo(a)pyrene. Respirable particulate emissions from a variety of combustion sources (including diesel engines, gasoline engines, coke ovens and roofing tar) have been chemically extracted, solvent exchange to DMSO, and tested in the Salmonella plate incorporation assay. When possible, the extracts were examined with five strains of Salmonella typhimurium (TA100, TA98, TA1538, TA1537, TA1535) with and without the standard liver microsomal metabolic activation system. Each combustion extract tested gave a positive response and most of these emissions predominately show activity with frame-shift indicator strains. Gasoline and diesel engine exhaust extracts demonstrated mainly directly acting components for the frame-shift indicator strains. Coke oven, in contrast, contained primarily indirectly acting components. Roofing tar samples were more toxic than the other samples based on weight of organic extract. These samples save up to a thirty-fold increase when tested in a 20..mu.. to 1mg per plate range. This work demonstrates the utility of the Salmonella assay in assessing complex environmental samples.

• Research Organization: Enviromental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC
• OSTI ID: 5366663
• Journal Information: Genetics; (United States), Journal Name: Genetics; (United States) Vol. 91:4; ISSN GENTA
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

560302* -- Chemicals Metabolism & Toxicology-- Microorganisms-- (-1987)
63 RADIATION, THERMAL, AND OTHER ENVIRON. POLLUTANT EFFECTS ON LIVING ORGS. AND BIOL. MAT.
AROMATICS
BACTERIA
BENZOPYRENE
BIOASSAY
CELL CONSTITUENTS
COKE OVENS
CONDENSED AROMATICS
DIESEL ENGINES
DMSO
ENGINES
EXHAUST GASES
EXTRACTION
GASEOUS WASTES
HYDROCARBONS
INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
METABOLIC ACTIVATION
MICROORGANISMS
MICROSOMES
MUTAGENESIS
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
ORGANIC SULFUR COMPOUNDS
ORGANOIDS
PARTICLES
SALMONELLA
SALMONELLA TYPHIMURIUM
SEPARATION PROCESSES
SULFOXIDES
TOXICITY
WASTES