Effects of a brief low-level exposure to the particulate fraction of diesel exhaust on pulmonary function of conscious sheep

Journal Article · Fri Feb 29 23:00:00 EST 1980 · Arch. Environ. Health; (United States)

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1080/00039896.1980.10667468· OSTI ID:5340013

Abraham, W M ^[1]; Kim, C S; Januszkiewicz, A J; Welker, M; Mingle, M A; Schreck, R

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1. Mount Sinai Medical Center, Miami Beach, FL

This study was undertaken to determine the effects of an acute low-level exposure to diesel exhaust particulate material on pulmonary function in conscious sheep. This was accomplished by measuring pulmonary mechanics, airway reactivity to increasing doses of aerosolized carbachol, and tracheal mucous velocity both prior to and immediately after exposure to the diesel exhaust particulates. The diesel exhaust particulate material was aerosolized by a fluidized-bed dust generator. The mass concentration of the dust ranged between 400 to 500 ..mu..g/m/sup 3/ and a mass median aerodynamic diameter of 2.8 ..mu..m. The sheep breathed the diesel exhaust particulates for 30 min by means of a Plexiglas helmet. The particulates caused no material alteration in pulmonary resistance, airway reactivity to aerosolized carbachol, or static lung compliance when compared to pre-exposure values. Tracheal mucous velocity was likewise unaffected. In conscious sheep under the present exposure conditions, the diesel exhaust material administered as a respirable aerosol does not materially affect the function of the large airways, the elastic properties of the lung, nor tracheal mucous transport.

• OSTI ID: 5340013
• Journal Information: Arch. Environ. Health; (United States), Journal Name: Arch. Environ. Health; (United States) Vol. 35:2; ISSN AEHLA
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

02 PETROLEUM
020600 -- Petroleum-- Health & Safety
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54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
560305* -- Chemicals Metabolism & Toxicology-- Vertebrates-- (-1987)
63 RADIATION, THERMAL, AND OTHER ENVIRON. POLLUTANT EFFECTS ON LIVING ORGS. AND BIOL. MAT.
ACUTE EXPOSURE
AEROSOLS
AIR POLLUTION
ANIMALS
BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS
BODY
COLLOIDS
COMBUSTION PRODUCTS
DIESEL FUELS
DISEASES
DISPERSIONS
DOMESTIC ANIMALS
DOSE-RESPONSE RELATIONSHIPS
DOSES
DYNAMIC FUNCTION STUDIES
EXHAUST GASES
FUELS
GASEOUS WASTES
INJURIES
LUNGS
MAMMALS
ORGANS
PARTICLE SIZE
PARTICLES
PATHOLOGICAL CHANGES
PETROLEUM PRODUCTS
POLLUTION
RESPIRATION
RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
RUMINANTS
SHEEP
SIZE
SOLS
TOXICITY
TRACHEA
VERTEBRATES
WASTES