Reassessment of gamma doses from the atomic bombs in Hiroshima and Nagasaki

Maruyama, T; Kumamoto, Y; Noda, Y

doi:10.2307/3577175

Title: Reassessment of gamma doses from the atomic bombs in Hiroshima and Nagasaki

Full Record
Other Related Research

Abstract

Reassessment of gamma doses from the atomic bombs in Hiroshima and Nagasaki has been carried out with thermoluminescent measurements of ceramic materials, such as bricks and decorative tiles, which were collected from buildings that remain as they were at the time of the explosions. The thermoluminescent measurements were performed using thermoluminescent dating techniques generally used in archaeology. Annual background dose rates from natural radionuclides in the ceramic materials and from environmental radiation including cosmic rays were determined with commercially available thermoluminescent detectors. A time-zero point at the original firing of the ceramic materials was estimated from the age of the buildings given in the register book. Total background dose was evaluated by multiplying the period between the time-zero point and the time of measurement by the annual dose rate. The resultant gamma doses in Hiroshima and Nagasaki are given as a function of distance from ground zero and are compared with the DS86 (Dosimetry System 1986) and the T65D (Tentative 1965 Dose) gamma doses.

Authors:: Maruyama, T; Kumamoto, Y; Noda, Y

Publication Date:: 1988-01-01

Research Org.:: National Institute of Radiological Sciences, Chiba-shi (Japan)

OSTI Identifier:: 5314107

Resource Type:: Journal Article

Journal Name:: Radiat. Res.; (United States)

Additional Journal Information:: Journal Volume: 113:1

Country of Publication:: United States

Language:: English

Subject:: 63 RADIATION, THERMAL, AND OTHER ENVIRON. POLLUTANT EFFECTS ON LIVING ORGS. AND BIOL. MAT.; A-BOMB SURVIVORS; RADIATION DOSES; BUILDING MATERIALS; THERMOLUMINESCENT DOSIMETRY; BOMBS; GAMMA RADIATION; HIROSHIMA; NAGASAKI; NUCLEAR EXPLOSIONS; ASIA; DOSES; DOSIMETRY; ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION; EXPLOSIONS; HUMAN POPULATIONS; IONIZING RADIATIONS; JAPAN; MATERIALS; POPULATIONS; RADIATIONS; WEAPONS; 560151* - Radiation Effects on Animals- Man

Citation Formats


                    Maruyama, T, Kumamoto, Y, and Noda, Y. Reassessment of gamma doses from the atomic bombs in Hiroshima and Nagasaki.  United States: N. p., 1988. 
        Web.  doi:10.2307/3577175.

Copy to clipboard


                    Maruyama, T, Kumamoto, Y, & Noda, Y. Reassessment of gamma doses from the atomic bombs in Hiroshima and Nagasaki.  United States.  https://doi.org/10.2307/3577175

Copy to clipboard


                    Maruyama, T, Kumamoto, Y, and Noda, Y. 1988.  
        "Reassessment of gamma doses from the atomic bombs in Hiroshima and Nagasaki".  United States.  https://doi.org/10.2307/3577175.

Copy to clipboard


                    
@article{osti_5314107,

  title        = {Reassessment of gamma doses from the atomic bombs in Hiroshima and Nagasaki},

  author       = {Maruyama, T and Kumamoto, Y and Noda, Y},

  abstractNote = {Reassessment of gamma doses from the atomic bombs in Hiroshima and Nagasaki has been carried out with thermoluminescent measurements of ceramic materials, such as bricks and decorative tiles, which were collected from buildings that remain as they were at the time of the explosions. The thermoluminescent measurements were performed using thermoluminescent dating techniques generally used in archaeology. Annual background dose rates from natural radionuclides in the ceramic materials and from environmental radiation including cosmic rays were determined with commercially available thermoluminescent detectors. A time-zero point at the original firing of the ceramic materials was estimated from the age of the buildings given in the register book. Total background dose was evaluated by multiplying the period between the time-zero point and the time of measurement by the annual dose rate. The resultant gamma doses in Hiroshima and Nagasaki are given as a function of distance from ground zero and are compared with the DS86 (Dosimetry System 1986) and the T65D (Tentative 1965 Dose) gamma doses.},

  doi          = {10.2307/3577175},

  url          = {https://www.osti.gov/biblio/5314107},
  journal      = {Radiat. Res.; (United States)},
number       = ,

  volume       = 113:1,

  place        = {United States},

  year         = {1988},

  month        = {1}

}

Copy to clipboard

Journal Article:

https://doi.org/10.2307/3577175

Other availability

Find in Google Scholar

Search WorldCat to find libraries that may hold this journal

Save / Share:

Export Metadata

Save to My Library

Similar records in OSTI.GOV collections:

The new radiation dosimetry for the A-bombs in Hiroshima and Nagasaki

Conference Kerr, G

Extensive work has been conducted over the past few years to reassess all aspects of the radiation dosimetry for the A-bombs in Hiroshima and Nagasaki. This work has included reviews of the bomb yields, source terms, air transport of neutrons and gamma rays, neutron-induced radioactivity and thermoluminescence in exposed materials, shielding of individuals by buildings, and calculations of organ doses. The results of these theoretical and experimental activities have led to the development of a new dosimetry system which is designated as the Dosimetry System 1986 (DS86). New DS86 estimates of tissue kerma in air and absorbed dose to fifteenmore »« less
Full Text Available
Bibliography of literature relevant to the reassessment of A-bomb radiation dosimetry in Hiroshima and Nagasaki

Technical Report Kerr, G

Radiation doses received by the survivors of the Hiroshima and Nagasaki bombings were estimated in increasingly sophisticated studies between 1950 and 1965. The latest of these estimates, designated as Tentative 1965 Doses or simply T65D values, were used as a basis for risk assessment throughout the 1970's. The T65D values have recently been subjected to critical review as a result of concern over possible changes in radiation protection standards. Thus, it is essential that the reassessment of A-bomb radiation dosimetry is well-documented and that the results are convincing to the scientific community. This bibliography provides a keyword index, author index,more »« less
Reassessment of atomic bomb radiation dosimetry in Hiroshima and Nagasaki: proceedings

Conference

The presentations at this workshop are the first of a series of joint efforts, among knowledgeable scientists in Japan and the United States under RERF auspices, directed toward reassessing the dose of ionizing radiation received by survivors of the atomic bombs dropped on Hiroshima and Nagasaki. The last previous dose estimate revisions occurred in 1965 and since that time new technology and understanding have become available for this purpose. It is the hope of RERF that the collaboration represented by this workshop and the following day of free discussion among the participating scientists will establish a procedure which will ensuremore »« less
Development of A-bomb survivor dosimetry

Conference Kerr, G

An all important datum in risk assessment is the radiation dose to individual survivors of the bombings in Hiroshima and Nagasaki. The first set of dose estimates for survivors was based on a dosimetry system developed in 1957 by the Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL). These Tentative 1957 Doses (T57D) were later replaced by a more extensive and refined set of Tentative 1965 Doses (T65D). The T65D system of dose estimation for survivors was also developed at ORNL and served as a basis for risk assessment throughout the 1970s. In the late 1970s, it was suggested that there were seriousmore »« less
Full Text Available
Overview of the nuclear data related to the Hiroshima Dosimetry Discrepancy

Conference Pace, III, J

Nearly half a century ago the first atomic bomb was dropped on Hiroshima; several days later, a second atomic bomb was dropped on Nagasaki. Japan immediately initiated a study of all aspects of the effects of the bombings. Thus the initial effort was begun to estimate the overall risks of radiation effects in man due to nuclear detonations. By the 1950s, Japan and the United States had produced several studies that reported on the elevated risk of cancer. In 1957 the first dose estimates for survivors were designated as Tentative 1957 Doses or T57D. In 1965 a revised dosimetry systemmore »« less

Similar Records