Refining and upgrading of synfuels from coal and oil shales by advanced catalytic process. Quarterly report, April--June 1977
The objective of this program is to determine the feasibility and estimate the economics of hydroprocessing four synthetic fuels to distillate fuels, including high octane gasoline, using presently available technology. Process design studies based on pilot plant results indicate that it is desirable to hydrofine the whole shale oil to a nitrogen content of about 500 ppM and then to fractionate the product before conventional downstream processing to produce transportation fuels. Several possible refinery schemes are compared. Studies of hydrofining whole shale oil with ICR 106 catalyst have continued. The product resembles the fraction of a waxy petroleum crude boiling below 1000/sup 0/F. There is essentially no residuum. A pilot plant run which has been on stream for 2500 hours has shown no irreversible fouling during the last 1200 hours on stream. However, a guard bed is necessary ahead of the catalyst bed to remove arsenic and iron which can cause plugging. Hydrofined shale oil is an excellent feed for a catalytic cracker. Pilot plant studies show that the 650/sup 0/F+ fraction of hydrofined shale oil is very similar to hydrofined Middle Eastern vacuum gas oils in its performance in a catalytic cracker. Preliminary studies of the hydrofining of a 50/50 blend of SRC and creosote oil are reported. ICR 106 catalyst showed essentially no fouling in 330 hours of pilot plant operation. However, after 330 hours on stream, plugging occurred in the catalyst bed. Studies are in progress to determine the cause of this problem.
- Research Organization:
- Chevron Research Co., Richmond, Calif. (USA)
- DOE Contract Number:
- EX-76-C-01-2315
- OSTI ID:
- 5254891
- Report Number(s):
- FE-2315-15
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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Refining and upgrading of synfuels from coal and oil shales by advanced catalytic processes. Quarterly report, January--March 1977
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Related Subjects
01 COAL, LIGNITE, AND PEAT
NITROGEN
REMOVAL
SHALE OIL
REFINING
SOLVENT-REFINED COAL
SYNTHETIC FUELS
CATALYSTS
CATALYTIC CRACKING
ECONOMICS
FEASIBILITY STUDIES
HYDROGENATION
CHEMICAL REACTIONS
CRACKING
CRYOGENIC FLUIDS
DECOMPOSITION
ELEMENTS
ENERGY SOURCES
FLUIDS
FOSSIL FUELS
FUELS
MINERAL OILS
NONMETALS
OILS
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
OTHER ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
PROCESSING
PYROLYSIS
SYNTHETIC PETROLEUM
040403* - Oil Shales & Tar Sands- Refining
010406 - Coal & Coal Products- Pyrolysis & Cracking- (-1987)
010407 - Coal & Coal Products- Solvent Extraction- (-1987)