Sources of chlorate ion in US drinking water

Journal Article · Wed Sep 01 04:00:00 EDT 1993 · Journal of the American Water Works Association; (United States)

OSTI ID:5243561

Bolyard, M ^[1]; Fair, P S ^[2]; Hautman, D P ^[3]

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1. Environmental Protection Agency, Denver, CO (United States)
2. Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, OH (United States)
3. Technology Applications Inc., Cincinnati, OH (United States)

Samples of untreated source water and finished drinking water were obtained from 42 water utilities which treated their water with oxidants-disinfectants that included chlorine dioxide (ClO[sub 2]), gaseous chlorine, hypochlorite solutions, and chloramines. Chlorite ion was only detected in water from utilities that used ClO[sub 2]. Finished water from utilities that used ClO[sub 2] or hypochlorite solutions contained comparable concentrations of chlorate ion (ClO[sub 3][sup [minus]]) in the range 21--660 [mu]g/L. Analysis of the hypochlorite solutions indicated ClO[sub 3][sup [minus]] contaminated was a greater problem in the solutions purchased in concentrations >10 percent available chlorine. Low levels of ClO[sub 3][sup [minus]] (10--81 [mu]g/L) were also detected in approximately one third of the untreated source samples.

• OSTI ID: 5243561
• Journal Information: Journal of the American Water Works Association; (United States), Journal Name: Journal of the American Water Works Association; (United States) Vol. 85:9; ISSN 0003-150X; ISSN JAWWA5
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

54 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
540220* -- Environment
Terrestrial-- Chemicals Monitoring & Transport-- (1990-)
CHLORINE COMPOUNDS
CONTAMINATION
DRINKING WATER
ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY
HALOGEN COMPOUNDS
HYDROGEN COMPOUNDS
OXYGEN COMPOUNDS
POLLUTION SOURCES
WATER
WATER QUALITY