Surface structure and mechanisms of gasification catalyst deactivation. Quarterly report, May--July 1977

Technical Report · Sat Oct 01 04:00:00 EDT 1977

DOI:https://doi.org/10.2172/5232509· OSTI ID:5232509

Reucroft, P. J.; Bradley, E. B.; De Angelis, R. J.; Sargent, G. A.

The ESCA instrument was moved into a new facility and extensive modifications for safety purposes were made. The electron flood gun was tested with mixed results. NiSO/sub 4/ was observed to have a significantly different ESCA spectrum from NiS. It was observed that silica supported NiO was easily reduced by the standard Argon ion etching procedure while alumina supported NiO was much more resistant to reduction. It is suggested that the Argon etching may allow the production of reduced catalysts in situ. Infrared spectra of NiO/MgSiO/sub 3/ catalysts show that CO/sub 3//sup equals/ is adsorbed as was observed for alumina-and-silica-support catalysts. The MgSiO/sub 3/ support produces infrared absorption which is almost identical to NiSiO/sub 3/ except for some doublet structure which can be associated with Ni 3d, 4s electronic levels. Adsorption studies of C/sub 2/H/sub 2/ over NiO/Al/sub 2/O/sub 3/ indicate that CH/sub 2/ and CH/sub 3/ species are formed in the 300/sup 0/C temperature region. Suitable procedures have been developed to stabilize the reduced nickel catalysts and prevent the spontaneous re-oxidation by passivation during examination by x-ray diffraction. X-ray diffraction studies to determine the particle size distribution in reduced and passivated catalysts have been initiated. Several installations for single crystal ribbon preparation and a crystal holder have been made. The chemisorption of air and CO on a sulfided catalyst surface (OCR Test 3) was investigated at room temperature.

• Research Organization: Kentucky Univ., Lexington (USA)
• OSTI ID: 5232509
• Report Number(s): FE-2229-6
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

01 COAL, LIGNITE, AND PEAT
010404* -- Coal
Lignite
& Peat-- Gasification
37 INORGANIC, ORGANIC, PHYSICAL, AND ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
400201 -- Chemical & Physicochemical Properties
ACETYLENE
ADSORPTION
AIR
ALKALINE EARTH METAL COMPOUNDS
ALKYNES
AUGER ELECTRON SPECTROSCOPY
BINDING ENERGY
CARBON COMPOUNDS
CARBON MONOXIDE
CARBON OXIDES
CARBONATES
CATALYSTS
CHALCOGENIDES
CHEMICAL REACTIONS
CHEMISORPTION
COAL GASIFICATION
COHERENT SCATTERING
DEACTIVATION
DIFFRACTION
ELECTRON DIFFRACTION
ELECTRON SPECTROSCOPY
ELEMENTS
ENERGY
FLUIDS
GASES
GASIFICATION
HYDROCARBONS
INFRARED SPECTRA
MAGNESIUM COMPOUNDS
MAGNESIUM SILICATES
METALS
NICKEL
NICKEL COMPOUNDS
NICKEL OXIDES
NICKEL SULFATES
NICKEL SULFIDES
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
OXIDES
OXYGEN COMPOUNDS
PASSIVATION
RAMAN SPECTRA
REDUCTION
SCATTERING
SEPARATION PROCESSES
SILICATES
SILICON COMPOUNDS
SORPTION
SPECTRA
SPECTROSCOPY
SULFATES
SULFIDES
SULFUR COMPOUNDS
TRANSITION ELEMENT COMPOUNDS
TRANSITION ELEMENTS
X-RAY DIFFRACTION