Estimation of smog effects in the hydrocarbon-nitric oxide system
The complex role of nitric oxide in photochemical smog has led to conflicting conclusions concerning its relationship to end effects. The confusion has not been dispelled by the tendency to employ kinetic parameters of the photochemical reactions accompanying the formation of smog as indicators of the end effects. In an attempt to resolve these differences a detailed study was carried out to examine the effects of varying the concentrations and reactant ratios of nitric oxide and hydrocarbons on a number of smog effects as well as on various functions of the reaction rate. Hydrocarbon components increasing in complexity from propylene through a simulated auto exhaust to authentic auto exhaust were irradiated in the presence of nitric oxide in large chambers instrumented for measurements of numerous variables. Eye irritation was measured using a selected panel of human subjects; the formation of ozone and formaldehyde was followed analytically. From other analytical data it was possible to derive half-lives for nitric oxide, nitrogen dioxide, and hydrocarbon, as well as maximum reaction rates for propylene, either as the sole hydrocarbon or as a component of the exhaust. The various dependent variables are presented as functions of the reactant concentration by means of contour diagrams derived by computer treatment. The effect of hydrocarbon and nitric oxide levels on smog effects are discussed; the observed relationships between end effects and reaction rates are considered.
- Research Organization:
- California Dept. of Public Health, Los Angeles
- OSTI ID:
- 5224874
- Journal Information:
- Proc., Annu. Meet., Air Pollut. Control Assoc.; (United States), Journal Name: Proc., Annu. Meet., Air Pollut. Control Assoc.; (United States) Vol. 66-42; ISSN PRAPA
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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Related Subjects
63 RADIATION, THERMAL, AND OTHER ENVIRON. POLLUTANT EFFECTS ON LIVING ORGS. AND BIOL. MAT.
AIR POLLUTION
ALDEHYDES
ANIMALS
ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY
AUTOMOBILES
BIOLOGICAL HALF-LIFE
CHALCOGENIDES
CHEMICAL REACTIONS
CHEMISTRY
COMPUTERS
EXHAUST GASES
FLUIDS
FORMALDEHYDE
GASEOUS WASTES
GASES
HAZARDS
HEALTH HAZARDS
HYDROCARBONS
KINETICS
MALES
MAMMALS
MAN
MEN
NITRIC OXIDE
NITROGEN COMPOUNDS
NITROGEN DIOXIDE
NITROGEN OXIDES
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
OXIDES
OXYGEN COMPOUNDS
OZONE
PHOTOCHEMICAL REACTIONS
POLLUTION
PRIMATES
REACTION KINETICS
SIMULATION
SMOG
VEHICLES
VERTEBRATES
WASTES