Respiratory trace deposition models. Final report

Technical Report · Sat Mar 01 04:00:00 EST 1980

DOI:https://doi.org/10.2172/5220365· OSTI ID:5220365

Yeh, H C ^[1]

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1. ed.

Respiratory tract characteristics of four mammalian species (human, dog, rat and Syrian hamster) were studied, using replica lung casts. An in situ casting techniques was developed for making the casts. Based on an idealized branch model, over 38,000 records of airway segment diameters, lengths, branching angles and gravity angles were obtained from measurements of two humans, two Beagle dogs, two rats and one Syrian hamster. From examination of the trimmed casts and morphometric data, it appeared that the structure of the human airway is closer to a dichotomous structure, whereas for dog, rat and hamster, it is monopodial. Flow velocity in the trachea and major bronchi in living Beagle dogs was measured using an implanted, subminiaturized, heated film anemometer. A physical model was developed to simulate the regional deposition characteristics proposed by the Task Group on Lung Dynamics of the ICRP. Various simulation modules for the nasopharyngeal (NP), tracheobronchial (TB) and pulmonary (P) compartments were designed and tested. Three types of monodisperse aerosols were developed for animal inhalation studies. Fifty Syrian hamsters and 50 rats were exposed to five different sizes of monodisperse fused aluminosilicate particles labeled with /sup 169/Yb. Anatomical lung models were developed for four species (human, Beagle dog, rat and Syrian hamster) that were based on detailed morphometric measurements of replica lung casts. Emphasis was placed on developing a lobar typical-path lung model and on developing a modeling technique which could be applied to various mammalian species. A set of particle deposition equations for deposition caused by inertial impaction, sedimentation, and diffusion were developed. Theoretical models of particle deposition were developed based on these equations and on the anatomical lung models.

• Research Organization: Lovelace Biomedical and Environmental Research Inst., Albuquerque, NM (USA)
• DOE Contract Number: AC04-76EV01013
• OSTI ID: 5220365
• Report Number(s): LMF-72
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

551001* -- Physiological Systems-- Tracer Techniques
560305 -- Chemicals Metabolism & Toxicology-- Vertebrates-- (-1987)
59 BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
63 RADIATION, THERMAL, AND OTHER ENVIRON. POLLUTANT EFFECTS ON LIVING ORGS. AND BIOL. MAT.
AEROSOLS
ANATOMY
ANIMALS
BEAGLES
BETA DECAY RADIOISOTOPES
COLLOIDS
DAYS LIVING RADIOISOTOPES
DEPOSITION
DISPERSIONS
DOGS
ELECTRON CAPTURE RADIOISOTOPES
EVEN-ODD NUCLEI
FLOW RATE
HAMSTERS
INHALATION
INTAKE
INTERMEDIATE MASS NUCLEI
ISOMERIC TRANSITION ISOTOPES
ISOTOPES
LABELLED COMPOUNDS
MAMMALS
MAN
MATHEMATICAL MODELS
MINUTES LIVING RADIOISOTOPES
NUCLEI
PARTICLES
PRIMATES
RADIOISOTOPES
RARE EARTH ISOTOPES
RARE EARTH NUCLEI
RATS
RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
RODENTS
SOLS
STRUCTURAL MODELS
VERTEBRATES
YTTERBIUM 169
YTTERBIUM ISOTOPES