Mixing problems in using indicators for measuring regional blood flow
A basic requirement for using indicators for measuring blood flow is adequate mixing of the indicator with blood prior to sampling the site. This requirement has been met by depositing the indicator in the heart and sampling from an artery. Recently, authors have injected microspheres into veins and sampled from venous sites. The present studies were designed to investigate the mixing problems in sheep and rabbits by means of Cardio-Green and labeled microspheres. The indicators were injected at different points in the circulatory system, and blood was sampled at different levels of the venous and arterial systems. Results show the following: (a) When an indicator of small molecular size (Cardio-Green) is allowed to pass through the heart chambers, adequate mixing is achieved, yielding accurate and reproducible results. (b) When any indicator (Cardio-Green or microspheres) is injected into veins, and sampling is done at any point in the venous system, mixing is inadequate, yielding flow results which are inconsistent and erratic. (c) For an indicator or large molecular size (microspheres), injecting into the left side of the heart and sampling from arterial sites yield accurate and reproducible results regardless of whether blood is sampled continuously or intermittently.
- Research Organization:
- Univ. of California School of Medicine, Los Angeles
- OSTI ID:
- 5210982
- Journal Information:
- Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol.; (United States), Vol. 142:1
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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59 BASIC BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
BLOOD FLOW
MEASURING METHODS
PERFUSED TISSUES
SCINTISCANNING
ARTERIES
INDOCYANINE GREEN
LABELLED COMPOUNDS
MICROSPHERES
MIXING
RABBITS
RADIOISOTOPES
SAMPLING
SHEEP
VEINS
ANIMAL TISSUES
ANIMALS
AROMATICS
AZOLES
BLOOD VESSELS
BODY
CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM
CONDENSED AROMATICS
COUNTING TECHNIQUES
DIAGNOSTIC TECHNIQUES
DOMESTIC ANIMALS
DYES
HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
INDICATORS
INDOLES
ISOTOPES
MAMMALS
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
ORGANIC NITROGEN COMPOUNDS
ORGANIC SULFUR COMPOUNDS
ORGANS
PYRROLES
RADIOISOTOPE SCANNING
RUMINANTS
SULFONATES
TISSUES
VERTEBRATES
550601* - Medicine- Unsealed Radionuclides in Diagnostics
551001 - Physiological Systems- Tracer Techniques