Cytotoxicity and mutagenicity of coal oils in the CHO/HGPRT assay
The Chinese hamster ovary cell/hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase (CHO/GHPRT) assay was used to determine the cytotoxicity and mutagenicity of a crude coal oil, the neutral fraction of this crude, and the following three subfractions of the neutral fraction: alphatic, neutral polar, and a subfraction composed of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons plus neutral nitrogen heterocyclics. Also studied were the cytotoxicity and mutagenicity of a blend of light and heavy coal-derived fuel oils before and after hydrogenation. All seven mixtures were highly cytotoxic to CHO cells, but the addition of S9 reduced the cytotoxicity. Also, hydrogenation reduced the cytotoxicity of the blend of coal-derived fuel oils. Although highly cytotoxic, none of the seven mixtures induced a clean mutagenic response in the CHO/HGPRT assay. However, previous work has shown that all of the mixtures except the aliphatic subfraction and the blend after hydrogenation are mutagenic in the histidine-reversion assay in Salmonella typhimurium. Based on chemical analyses of the mixtures, the differential sensitivity of Salmonella and CHO cells to nonmutagenic cytotoxins, and studies of the neutral fraction to which additional benzo(a)pyrene had been added, it was concluded that the disparity between the results in Salmonella and those obtained in the CHO/HGPRT assay is probably due to the much greater sensitivity of CHO cells (relative to Salmonella) to the cytotoxins in these coal oils. This sensitivity, coupled with the low concentrations of mutagens relative to nonmutagenic cytotoxins in the coal oils, prevents exposure of the cells to concentrations of the mutagens in the mixtures that are high enough to be quantified in the CHO/HGPRT assay. 31 references, 2 figures, 1 table.
- Research Organization:
- Oak Ridge National Lab., TN
- DOE Contract Number:
- W-7405-ENG-26
- OSTI ID:
- 5197241
- Journal Information:
- Environ. Mutagen.; (United States), Journal Name: Environ. Mutagen.; (United States) Vol. 6; ISSN ENMUD
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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Related Subjects
63 RADIATION, THERMAL, AND OTHER ENVIRON. POLLUTANT EFFECTS ON LIVING ORGS. AND BIOL. MAT.
ANIMAL CELLS
AROMATICS
AZAARENES
AZOLES
BENZOPYRENE
BIOASSAY
CARBAZOLES
CHEMICAL REACTIONS
CHO CELLS
COAL LIQUIDS
CONDENSED AROMATICS
DATA
DISPERSIONS
ENZYMES
EXPERIMENTAL DATA
FLUIDS
GLYCOSYL TRANSFERASES
HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
HYDROCARBONS
HYDROGENATION
HYPOXANTHINE PHOSPHORIBOSYLTRANSFERASE
INFORMATION
LIQUIDS
METABOLIC ACTIVATION
MIXTURES
MUTAGEN SCREENING
MUTAGENESIS
NUMERICAL DATA
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
ORGANIC NITROGEN COMPOUNDS
PENTOSYL TRANSFERASES
POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS
SCREENING
SENSITIVITY
SURVIVAL CURVES
TOXICITY
TRANSFERASES