Thermocouple temperature measurements in shock-compressed solids

Journal Article · Wed Oct 01 04:00:00 EDT 1980 · J. Appl. Phys.; (United States)

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1063/1.327480· OSTI ID:5076792

Bloomquist, D D; Sheffield, S A

The emf produced by 5-..mu..m-thick foil thermocouples when subjected to shock loading was studied over a stress range from 0.5 to 10 GPa. Thermocouples of either copper and constantan or chromel and alumel were embedded in the host materials, polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), Epon 828 epoxy, single-crystal Al/sub 2/O/sub 3/, or vitreous SiO/sub 2/. The observed emf history rises to a plateau in a period that varied from less than 100 ns for Al/sub 2/O/sub 3/ to about 500 ns for PMMA. Temperatures inferred from the constant-voltage portion of the records using standard thermocouple tables (corrected for pressure) compare favorably with calculated temperatures for PMMA and epoxy below 2.0 and 4.5 GPa, respectively. Above these threshold stresses, the observed temperatures increase rapidly with compression, which may indicate an exothermic reaction. Inferred temperatures for the two types of thermocouples are in good agreement. The shape of the response history, and agreement with predicted temperatures for PMMA and epoxy, indicate that the thermocouple and host material come to thermal equilibrium during the transient portion of the response. In the elastic materials Al/sub 2/O/sub 3/ and SiO/sub 2/, the observed temperatures are better correlated with temperatures predicted for shock compression of the thermocouple materials than those predicted for the host materials, indicating that thermal equilibration is not achieved in the available test time.

• Research Organization: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185
• DOE Contract Number: AC04-76DP00789
• OSTI ID: 5076792
• Journal Information: J. Appl. Phys.; (United States), Journal Name: J. Appl. Phys.; (United States) Vol. 51:10; ISSN JAPIA
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

36 MATERIALS SCIENCE
360102* -- Metals & Alloys-- Structure & Phase Studies
ALLOYS
ALUMEL
ALUMINIUM ALLOYS
ALUMINIUM COMPOUNDS
ALUMINIUM OXIDES
CARBOXYLIC ACID SALTS
CHALCOGENIDES
CHROMEL
CHROMIUM ALLOYS
CONSTANTAN
COPPER
COPPER ALLOYS
COPPER BASE ALLOYS
CRYSTALS
DIMENSIONS
ELECTRIC POTENTIAL
ELEMENTS
EPOXIDES
FOILS
IRON ADDITIONS
IRON ALLOYS
MANGANESE ALLOYS
MEASURING INSTRUMENTS
METALS
METHACRYLATES
MONOCRYSTALS
NICKEL ALLOYS
NICKEL BASE ALLOYS
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
ORGANIC OXYGEN COMPOUNDS
OXIDES
OXYGEN COMPOUNDS
POLYMERS
SHOCK WAVES
SILICON COMPOUNDS
SILICON OXIDES
SOLIDS
STRESSES
TEMPERATURE MEASUREMENT
THERMOCOUPLES
THICKNESS
TRANSITION ELEMENTS
VERY HIGH PRESSURE