Analytical applications of dithizone

Journal Article · Tue Jan 01 00:00:00 EST 1980 · CRC Crit. Rev. Anal. Chem.; (United States)

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1080/10408348008085716· OSTI ID:5075095

Irving, H M.N.H.

The organic reagent best known under its common name dithizone was introduced into analytical practice by Hellmuth Fischer just over 50 years ago. By virtue of its thiol group, it can form formally unchanged chelate complexes with a small group of metals (notably, Co, Ni, Zn, Pd, Ag, Cd, In, Sn, Pt, Au, Hg, Tl, Pb, and Bi) and organometallic ions (such as R/sub 2/Tl/sup +/, R/sub 3/Su/sup +/, R/sub 2/Pb/sup 2 +/, RHg/sup +/) and since, like the reagent itself, these are intensely colored and very sparingly soluble in water though soluble in chloroform, carbon tetrachloride, and other water-immiscible organic solvents, dithizone lends itself to liquid-liquid extraction procedures and the spectrophotometric determination of trace metals at around the microgram level. With the increasing popularity of atomic abosption spectrophotometry, this technique has tended to supplant spectrophotometry as the preferred finish in quantitative trace-metal determinations, but many other physical procedures are in current use. The ability to preconcentrate certain metals by liquid-liquid extraction of their dithizonates plays an increasing role in environmental analysis, and chromatographic techniques now extend from thin layer chromatography to the use of columns for specific separations. The present review summarizes the basic analytical applications of dithizone that have become well established in the past half-century but highlights the more recent developments through a detailed review of papers published during the last 10 years. Particular attention is paid to the applications of dithizone in preconcentration and separation techniques, in electroanalytical procedures, in substoichiometry and in the design of liquid-membrane ion-selective electrodes. 4 figures, 4 tables.

• Research Organization: Univ. of Cape Town, South Africa
• OSTI ID: 5075095
• Journal Information: CRC Crit. Rev. Anal. Chem.; (United States), Vol. 8:4
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

37 INORGANIC
ORGANIC
PHYSICAL AND ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
DITHIZONE
USES
ABSORPTION SPECTROSCOPY
BISMUTH COMPLEXES
CADMIUM COMPLEXES
CHELATES
COBALT COMPLEXES
GOLD COMPLEXES
INDIUM COMPLEXES
LEAD COMPLEXES
LIQUID ION EXCHANGERS
MERCURY COMPLEXES
NICKEL COMPLEXES
ORGANOMETALLIC COMPOUNDS
PALLADIUM COMPLEXES
PLATINUM COMPLEXES
QUANTITATIVE CHEMICAL ANALYSIS
SEPARATION PROCESSES
SILVER COMPLEXES
SOLUBILITY
SUBSTOICHIOMETRY
THALLIUM COMPLEXES
THIOLS
TIN COMPLEXES
ZINC COMPLEXES
CARBAZONES
CARBONIC ACID DERIVATIVES
CHELATING AGENTS
CHEMICAL ANALYSIS
COMPLEXES
ION EXCHANGE MATERIALS
MATERIALS
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
ORGANIC NITROGEN COMPOUNDS
ORGANIC SULFUR COMPOUNDS
REAGENTS
SPECTROSCOPY
TRANSITION ELEMENT COMPLEXES
400301* - Organic Chemistry- Chemical & Physicochemical Properties- (-1987)
400102 - Chemical & Spectral Procedures