Mutagenicity and carcinogenicity of nitroarenes and their sources in the environment

Journal Article · Tue Dec 31 23:00:00 EST 1985 · CRC Crit. Rev. Toxicol.; (United States)

DOI:https://doi.org/10.3109/10408448609037070· OSTI ID:5071372

Tokiwa, H; Ohnishi, Y

Nitroarenes are postulated to play a principal part among mutagens/carcinogens which are induced in the combustion process and, in addition, are widely distributed in the environment. This review deals with the following points concerning nitroarene toxicity. Data on the mutagenicity of nitroarenes obtained by short-term bioassays are expected to provide us with sufficient information for us to determine their genotoxicity and carcinogenicity. Therefore, mutagenicity detected with Salmonella, Escherichia, and yeast test systems is discussed. Genotoxicity in mammalian cells is also important for determining the mutagenic properties of nitroarenes. In this article, mutagenicity in Chinese hamster ovary cells, sister chromatid exchanges, and cell transformation is summarized. The metabolism of nitroarenes in vivo and in vitro is of importance for determining their behavior and active forms. Therefore, current studies regarding metabolism of nitroarenes are described. Carcinogenicity of nitroarenes for animals has been reported by many workers. In this review, the incidence and histological features of tumors induced by nitroarenes are described. Furthermore, the possible association between human lung cancer and nitroarenes is discussed. Sources of nitroarenes in the environment are given. The results of various chemical tests for identifying nitroarenes are summarized, and speculation on the risk of nitroarenes for humans is presented. 234 references.

• Research Organization: Bacteriology and Epidemiology Division Fukuoka Environmental Research Center, Japan
• OSTI ID: 5071372
• Journal Information: CRC Crit. Rev. Toxicol.; (United States), Journal Name: CRC Crit. Rev. Toxicol.; (United States) Vol. 1; ISSN CRTXB
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

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63 RADIATION, THERMAL, AND OTHER ENVIRON. POLLUTANT EFFECTS ON LIVING ORGS. AND BIOL. MAT.
ANIMAL CELLS
ANIMALS
BACTERIA
BODY
CARCINOGENS
CARCINOMAS
CHO CELLS
CHROMOSOMAL ABERRATIONS
DISEASES
DOCUMENT TYPES
HAZARDS
HEALTH HAZARDS
LUNGS
MAMMALS
MAN
METABOLISM
MICROORGANISMS
MUTAGEN SCREENING
MUTAGENS
MUTATIONS
NEOPLASMS
NITRO COMPOUNDS
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
ORGANIC NITROGEN COMPOUNDS
ORGANS
POLLUTION SOURCES
PRIMATES
RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
REVIEWS
SCREENING
SISTER CHROMATID EXCHANGES
TOXICITY
VERTEBRATES