Effects of acetaldehyde and acrolein on blood pressure in guanethidine-pretreated hypertensive rats
Journal Article
·
· Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol.; (United States)
These experiments were undertaken to study the effect of the interaction of the antihypertensive agent guanethidine and two aldehydes possessing sympathomimetic activity on the blood pressure of spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). Acetaldehyde, when administered iv to acutely guanethidine-pretreated (15 mg/kg) SHRs under urethane anesthesia, caused a potentiated pressor response in the dose range of 3 to 40 mg/kg. When administered iv to chronically guanethidine-pretreated SHRs, a pressor response was noted at low doses and a depressor response at high doses. Acrolein (0.05 to 0.5 mg/kg) produced a pressor response at low doses and a depressor response at high doses in both acutely and chronically guanethidine-pretreated SHRs. Pressor responses, particularly to acetaldehyde, may be due to an enlarged tyramine-releasable pool, hyperreactivity of alpha adrenergic receptors of SHRs, or guanethidine inhibition of norepinephrine reuptake. Depressor responses to high doses of aldehydes may be attributed to vagal stimulation or direct vasodilation. It is concluded that there is a significant interaction between the aldehydes and guanethidine which may have implications for someone undergoing treatment with guanethidine for hypertension while being exposed to acetaldehyde and related compounds from ethanol and tobacco smoke.
- Research Organization:
- Virginia Commonwealth Univ., Richmond
- OSTI ID:
- 5018933
- Journal Information:
- Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol.; (United States), Journal Name: Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol.; (United States) Vol. 69:1; ISSN TXAPA
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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560305* -- Chemicals Metabolism & Toxicology-- Vertebrates-- (-1987)
63 RADIATION, THERMAL, AND OTHER ENVIRON. POLLUTANT EFFECTS ON LIVING ORGS. AND BIOL. MAT.
ACETALDEHYDE
ACROLEIN
ALDEHYDES
ANIMALS
ANTIHYPERTENSIVE AGENTS
AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM AGENTS
BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS
BLOOD PRESSURE
CARBONIC ACID DERIVATIVES
CARDIOVASCULAR AGENTS
CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES
DISEASES
DRUGS
GUANETHIDINE
HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
HYPERTENSION
MAMMALS
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
ORGANIC NITROGEN COMPOUNDS
RATS
RODENTS
SYMPATHOMIMETICS
SYMPTOMS
SYNERGISM
VASCULAR DISEASES
VERTEBRATES
63 RADIATION, THERMAL, AND OTHER ENVIRON. POLLUTANT EFFECTS ON LIVING ORGS. AND BIOL. MAT.
ACETALDEHYDE
ACROLEIN
ALDEHYDES
ANIMALS
ANTIHYPERTENSIVE AGENTS
AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM AGENTS
BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS
BLOOD PRESSURE
CARBONIC ACID DERIVATIVES
CARDIOVASCULAR AGENTS
CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES
DISEASES
DRUGS
GUANETHIDINE
HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
HYPERTENSION
MAMMALS
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
ORGANIC NITROGEN COMPOUNDS
RATS
RODENTS
SYMPATHOMIMETICS
SYMPTOMS
SYNERGISM
VASCULAR DISEASES
VERTEBRATES