Interactions of nitrogenous air pollutants and ozone with California forests
Conference
·
OSTI ID:49601
- Forest Service, Riverside, CA (United States). Pacific Southwest Research Station
Ozone has been blamed for the decline of ponderosa and Jeffrey pines in Sierra Nevada and the San Bernardino Mountains. However, also other components of photochemical smog, and especially various nitrogenous compounds, play an important role in the observed changes in California forests. Gaseous nitric acid and peroxyacetyl nitrate may directly effects plants (development of foliar injury) or may predispose foliage to the deleterious effects of acidic wet deposition, elevated levels of the UV-B radiation or other stresses. In addition, the long-term deposition of nitrate and ammonium in wet precipitation, dry deposition of gaseous nitric acid, ammonia, nitrogen oxides, particulate nitrate and ammonium can significantly change nitrogen status of forests in California. Initially, changes in phenology of plants, higher rates of physiological processes, changed plant chemical composition, altered biochemical processes and improved growth can be observed. These changes may lead to increased susceptibility of plants to various abiotic and biotic stresses. After long periods of increased nitrogen deposition, deficiencies of calcium, magnesium, potassium, phosphorus, and other nutrients may develop. As a consequence of the elevated N deposition interacting with ozone phytotoxicity, perturbations in normal growth of plants and changes in species composition in forest stands may be taking place. Oversaturating forests with nitrogen may also result in increased nitrate content in ground water of the affected watersheds.
- OSTI ID:
- 49601
- Report Number(s):
- CONF-9410273--
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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