THE PHYSIOLOGICAL AND PHARMACOLOGICAL BEHAVIOR OF CESIUM-137 IN RELATION TO THAT OF POTASSIUM AND SODIUM

Thesis/Dissertation · Mon Jan 01 04:00:00 EST 1962

OSTI ID:4758934

Sastry, B V.R.

A study was undertaken to determine by means of in vivo experiments the excretion and distribution patterns of Cs/sup 137/ in the rat and to modify the patterns by drugs (desoxycorticosterone, cortisone, aminophylline, chlorothiazide, and acetazolamide), which were known to affect the mineral metabolism in the animal body. According to the study, the biological half-time for the excretion of Cs/sup 137/ in the rat after intraperitoneal administration was about 8 days. About 5-6 times more Cs/sup 137/ was excreted in the urine than in the feces. Analysis of the tissues at the end of the eighth day revealed that intracellular concentration of Cs/sup 137/ was higher than that in blood. The organs can be arranged in the following order according to the concentrations of Cs/sup 137/ found in them: gastrocnemius muscle > ileum > kidney > stomach > liver > phylline did not modify the excretory and distribution patterns of Cs/sup 137/, acetazolamide and its analogs influenced the parameters significantly. Desoxycorticosterone increased the concentration of Cs/sup 137/ in the gastrocnemius muscle. The carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, acetazolamide, Ethoxzolamide and Dichlorphenamide (each, 10 mg/kg, I.P.) increased Cs/sup 137/ excretion and raised the pH of urine during their drug phase of 6 hours, Meralluride (6.8 mg of Hg/Kg, S.C.) blocked the effect of acetazolamide on Cs/sup 137/ excretion, and anamonium chloride increased Cs/sup 137/ excretion. There was no significant difference between the Cs/sup 137/ excretion by the animals treated with ammonium chloride, and the Cs/sup 137/ excretion by the animals treated with ammonium chloride followed by acetazolamide. Maleate increased the Cs/sup 137/ excretion and raised the pH of urine. The observations indicated that acetazolamide increased Cs/sup 137/ excretion by inhibiting renal carbonic anhydrase and by increasing its secretion in the renal tubules. The results of long term experiments (10 mg/kg/24 hours, 8 days) indicated that acetazolamide does not affect Cs/sup 137/ excretion after cesium is deposited in the tissues, and low concentrations of Cs/sup 137/ found at the end of the eighth day in the gastrocnemius muscles of the treated rats are due to the increased excretion of Cs/sup 137/ after the first injection of acetazolamide. Chlorothiazide, in a dose of 500 mg/kg increased Cs/sup 137/ excretion, urine volume, and pH of urine during the first hour. Chlorothiazide decreased Cs/sup 137/ excretion during the period 6-24 hours and also the cumulative Cs/sup 137/ excretion during 0-24 hours after a single dose (500 mg/kg, I.P.) and therefore the treated animals showed a tendency to retain more Cs/sup 137/ than the control animals. In the long term experiment, in a dose of 50 mg/kg/day, chlorothiazide did not influence Cs/sup 137/ excretion. Higher concentrations of Cs/sup 137/ were found in the gastrocnemius muscles of the treated rats than the concentrations of Cs/sup 137/ in those of the control rats. (Dissertation Abstr., 23: No. 4, 1962)

• Research Organization: Originating Research Org. not identified
• NSA Number: NSA-17-004391
• OSTI ID: 4758934
• Country of Publication: Country unknown/Code not available
• Language: English

Related Subjects

ACETIC ACID
ACIDITY
AMIDES
AMMONIUM COMPOUNDS
BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
BLOOD
BRAIN
CESIUM 137
CHLORIDES
CHLOROTHIAZIDE
CORTISONE
DRUGS
ENZYMES
FECES
HALF-LIFE
HEART
INTESTINE
KIDNEYS
LIVER
LUNGS
MALEIC ACID
METABOLISM
MUSCLES
ORGANIC ACIDS
ORGANIC NITROGEN COMPOUNDS
PHYSIOLOGY
POTASSIUM
QUANTITY RATIO
RATS
SODIUM
SPLEEN
STEROIDS
STOMACH
TISSUES
URINE