SURVEY OF RECENT DEVELOPMENTS IN SOLVENT EXTRACTION WITH TRIBUTYL PHOSPHATE
Tributyl phosphate can be used for extraction in processing all current power reactor fuels. Nitric acid is the only salting agent required. Typical flowsheets are presented. In aluminum nitrate systems which are more than 0.1 M acid deficient, the uranium distribution coefficient is a function of pH and independent of aluminum concentration; the coefficient remains constant at one in fluoride systems when the nitrate to fluoride ratio is approximates 3.5. Many objectionable properties of degraded diluents are ascribed to nitroparaffins. Aliphatic diluents with the least branching are the most stable to nitration. The nitration stability of aromatic diluents varies with structure, e.g., stabilities of diethylbenzenes decrease as meta >> ortho > para. Solvent purification by flash distillation appears superior to other methods. The stability of Amsco 125-82 was permanently improved by treatment with sulfuric acid. The radiation stability of TBP was approximates 2 times higher in an aromatic diluent than in Amsco 125-82. The G decomposition value for 1 M TBP in Amsco alone was approximates 0.9; whereas in 1 to 3 M HNO/sub 3/ it was 1 to 5 and G (--HNO/sub 3/ org phase) was 3 to 20. Variation of uranium--thorium separation factors with structure of some neutral organophosphorus reagents is presented. Basic studies include measurement of activities in multicomponent solutions and description of aqueous activity coefficients by an extended Debye- Huckel equation. (auth)
- Research Organization:
- Oak Ridge National Lab., Tenn.
- DOE Contract Number:
- W-7405-ENG-26
- NSA Number:
- NSA-17-016146
- OSTI ID:
- 4755206
- Report Number(s):
- ORNL-TM-527
- Country of Publication:
- United States
- Language:
- English
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Related Subjects
ACIDITY
ALKANES
ALUMINUM NITRATES
AMSCO
AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS
AROMATICS
BUTYL PHOSPHATES
CHEMISTRY
DEBYE-HUECKEL THEORY
DECOMPOSITION
DIAGRAMS
DISTILLATION
DISTRIBUTION
ELECTRIC CONDUCTIVITY
ELECTROLYTES
EQUATIONS
FLUORIDES
IMPURITIES
IRRADIATION
NITRIC ACID
ORGANIC NITROGEN COMPOUNDS
ORGANIC PHOSPHORUS COMPOUNDS
PHOSPHORUS COMPOUNDS
SALTING-OUT AGENTS
SEPARATION PROCESSES
SOLUTIONS
SOLVENT EXTRACTION
SOLVENTS
STABILITY
SULFURIC ACID
THORIUM
URANIUM
WATER
ALKANES
ALUMINUM NITRATES
AMSCO
AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS
AROMATICS
BUTYL PHOSPHATES
CHEMISTRY
DEBYE-HUECKEL THEORY
DECOMPOSITION
DIAGRAMS
DISTILLATION
DISTRIBUTION
ELECTRIC CONDUCTIVITY
ELECTROLYTES
EQUATIONS
FLUORIDES
IMPURITIES
IRRADIATION
NITRIC ACID
ORGANIC NITROGEN COMPOUNDS
ORGANIC PHOSPHORUS COMPOUNDS
PHOSPHORUS COMPOUNDS
SALTING-OUT AGENTS
SEPARATION PROCESSES
SOLUTIONS
SOLVENT EXTRACTION
SOLVENTS
STABILITY
SULFURIC ACID
THORIUM
URANIUM
WATER