Possibilities of treating acute radiation sickness
Therapy with drugs, vitamins, and antibiotics does not lead to satisfactory results in acute radiation sickness. Blood transfision is effective on irradiation of animals with sublethal doses, while on irradiation with lethal doses it is effective only when combined with other methods of therapy involving the use of drugs, vitamins, blood extenders, etc. Prushina, Tikhomirova, and Rozorenova showed that infusion of acid-hydrolyzed blood of cattle (L-103) increased by 50 to 60% the ratio of survival of dogs with acute radiation sickness that developed on irradiation with a dose of 600 R. They reported that replacement of 10% of the blood twice with poliglikin (a USSR dextran solution) in combination with - other methods of treatment increased the ratio of survival of the dogs to 70%. Serafimov-Dimitrov showed in experiments on dogs irradiated with 450 R that transfusion of citrated blood diluted with an equal amount of a 6% dextran solution resulted dn survival of the majority of the animals. Transplantation of bone marrow tissue (myelotransfusion) was also found effective in experiments with animals irradiated with lethal doses. Autotransplantation of bone marrow tissue resulted in a ratio of survival up to 90 to 100% and 80% for dogs and monkeys, respectively. Isotransplantation in the presence of immunological compatibility such as that which exists in inbred lines resulted in a survival ratio of 91 to 100%. Homotransplantation from animals of the same species in general produced a survival ratio of 60 to 70%, but endangered the life of the animals by reason of aftereffects due to immunological incompatibility. Heterotransplantation from animals of another species is effective only when the two species are related (e. g., rats and mice), but does not lead to a high survival ratio in any case. Immunological rejection reactions in heterotransplantation can be avoided if tissues of embryonal hemopoietic organs are transplanted. The number of bone marrow cells that exerts an optimum therapeutic effect has a range that varies with the species of animal. If an excessive amount of bone marrow is used in a myelotransfusion or the myelotransfusions are repeated too often hemopoiesis is inhibited and the animal dies. (JPRS)
- Research Organization:
- Originating Research Org. not identified
- NSA Number:
- NSA-29-000745
- OSTI ID:
- 4436319
- Journal Information:
- Vet. Sb., v. 71, no. 3, pp. 33-37, Journal Name: Vet. Sb., v. 71, no. 3, pp. 33-37; ISSN VESBA
- Country of Publication:
- USSR
- Language:
- English
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*RADIATION SYNDROME-- THERAPY
ANIMALS
ANTIBIOTICS
BLOOD SUBSTITUTES
DOGS
DRUGS
IMMUNITY
LETHAL IRRADIATION
MONKEYS
N48510 --Life Sciences--Radiation Effects on Animals--Man
N48520* --Life Sciences--Radiation Effects on Animals-- Vertebrates
POST-IRRADIATION THERAPY
RESPONSE MODIFYING FACTORS
SUBLETHAL IRRADIATION
TRANSPLANTS
VITAMINS