ISOTOPE SEPARATION IN THE FREEZING OF WATER AND DIFFUSION CONSTANT OF D AND O*SUP 18/ IN ICE WITH DISCUSSION OF THE POSSIBILITY OF A MULTIPLICATION OF THE ISOTOPE SEPARATION APPEARING DURING FREEZING IN A HAIRPIN COUNTER CURRENT DEVICE

Journal Article · Wed Jan 01 04:00:00 EST 1958 · Helvetica Chimica Acta (Switzerland)

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1002/hlca.19580410408· OSTI ID:4327370

Kuhn, W; Thurkauf, M

In the stepwise crystallization of water an enrichment of both HDO contained in water and of H/sub 2/O/sup 18/ in the crystalline phase occurs. It was shown that the enrichment in the crystalline phase was detected by a separation parameter which could be calculated from the melting point dlfference of HDO and H/sub 2/O or H/sub 2/O/sup 16/ and H/sub 2/O/sup 18/ as well as from the heat of fusion and the absolute fusion temperature. For the case of deuterium or O/sup 18/ enrichment the separation parameter was experimentally determined. An HDO enrichment of sigma /sub E,W/ w= 1.71 x 10/sup -2/ was obtained in good agreement wtth theoretical values. For the enriehment of H/sub 2/O/sup 18/ a value of sigma /sub E,W/x 10/sup -4/ was obtained. The calculated fusion temperature of H/sub 2/O/sup 18/ was + 0.05 deg . It is possible to multiply the small separation effect observed in the stepwise crystallization of water in a hairpin counter curreat system. For the conditions under which a practical multiplication could be obtained, the magnitude of the diffusion coefficient for D or O/sup 18/ in ice is essential. These diffusion coefficients were experimentally determined from -1.5 to -2 deg . They are, within the error limits, identical for D and O/sup 18/ and have the value D =1.0 x 10/sup -10/ cm/ sec. Onthe basis of the measured separation parameter and the diffusion coefficients, the possibility for a multiplication of the isotope separation by a hairpin counter current method was discusssd. (tr-anth)

• Research Organization: Univ. of Basel
• Sponsoring Organization: USDOE
• NSA Number: NSA-12-013007
• OSTI ID: 4327370
• Journal Information: Helvetica Chimica Acta (Switzerland), Journal Name: Helvetica Chimica Acta (Switzerland) Vol. Vol: 41; ISSN HCACA
• Country of Publication: Country unknown/Code not available
• Language: German

Related Subjects

CHEMISTRY
CONFIGURATION
COUNTER CURRENT
CRYSTALLIZATION
DEUTERIUM
DEUTERIUM COMPOUNDS
DIFFUSION
EFFICIENCY
ENRICHMENT
ERRORS
FUSION HEAT
HEATING
ICE
ISOTOPE SEPARATION
MEASURED VALUES
MECHANICAL STRUCTURES
MELTING
MELTING POINTS
NUMERICALS
OXYGEN 16
OXYGEN 18
QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS
SOLIDIFICATION
TESTING
WATER