QUARTERLY PROGRESS REPORT NO. 28

Technical Report · Tue Jul 15 04:00:00 EDT 1958

OSTI ID:4325034

Seventy-four chemical compounds were tested for protective activity against mortality and weight loss in mice exposed to lethal doses of x irradiation. A group of nitrile derivatives exhibited marked protective effects. Measurements were made on the mortality, body weight, and ocular changes during 15 to 19 months after initial exposure of mice to chronic fractionated low level doses of gamma and fast neutron irradiation. Mice irradiated in a magnetic field showed longer survival times and less weight loss than control irradiated animals. The effect of quanidinoethyldisulfide (GED), the oxidized or disulfide form of 2- aminoethylisothiuronium (AET), was tested on various enzymes in vitro. The results of these experiments indicated that oxidation of AET to the disulfide form represents detoxification of the compound with respect to its action on succinic and malic dehydrogenase and cytochrome oxidase whereas the oxidation of alpha-keto acids was inhibited to approximately the same extent by the oxidized and reduced forms of AET. Results are also reported from tests on the effects of a number of sulfur-containing compounds on alpha-keto acid oxidation. Increases in the blood glucose concentrations of alloxan-diabetic rats were produced in a dosedependent manner following the adnninistration of 100 to 250 mgm/kg of AET. Some of the mechanisms which may be responsible for these effects are discussed. Results are reported from preliminary studies on the ability of the liver, spleen, thymus, and bone marrow of rats exposed to sublethal and lethal doses of x irradiation to synthesize -citric acid in vitro and the effects of AET on citrate synthesis in these tissues. (For preceding period see NP-6734.) (C.R.)

• Research Organization: Chicago. Univ. Air Force Radiation Lab.
• NSA Number: NSA-12-015282
• OSTI ID: 4325034
• Report Number(s): NP-6899
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

AET-- ALLOXAN-- BLOOD-- CYTOCHROME OXIDASE-- DEHYDROGENASES-- DIABETES-- DISEASES-- ENZYMES-- GLUCOSE-- ORGANIC ACIDS-- ORGANIC NITROGEN COMPOUNDS-- ORGANIC SULFUR COMPOUNDS-- OXIDATION- - QUANTITY RATIO-- RATS-- REDUCTION-- SUGARS-- SULFIDES-- TESTING-- TOXICITY-- VARIATIONS
BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
BODY-- CHEMICALS-- CYANIDES-- EFFICIENCY-- EYES-- FAST NEUTRONS-- GAMMA RADIATION-- LETHAL DOSE-- MAGNETIC FIELDS-- MICE-- NITRILES-- RADIATION DOSES-- RADIATION PROTECTION-- RADIOSENSITIVITY-- SURVIVAL TIME-- TESTING-- TISSUES-- VARIATIONS-- WEIGHT-- X RADIATION
BONE MARROW-- CITRIC ACID-- LETHAL DOSE-- LIVER-- RATS-- SPLEEN-- THYMUS-- X RADIATION