FLUIDS, LUBRICANTS, FUELS AND RELATED MATERIALS. Quarterly Report for April, May, and June 1958

Technical Report · Mon Jun 30 00:00:00 EDT 1958

OSTI ID:4292157

The progam to evaluate the oxidation behavior of fluids and lubricants is presented. Test procedures to evaluate oxidation under conditions of (1) bulk oil, (2) thin films, (3) deposition, and (4) successive bulk oil conditions at different temperatures are outlirned. These tests are designed to simulate various conditions of operation. The data indicate that the relative behavior of a series of fluids is not constant when tested under the different types of oxidative conditions. The major part of the current work comprises the evaluation of various mineral oil formulations in accordance with the types of oxidation tests listed above. These mineral oil formulations are designed to show the effects of molecular weight, super-refining (hydrogenation), and variations in the additive package for some paraffinic mineral oils. One series of formulations shows the progressive development of a complete additive package starting with an original blend comprising a super-refined paraffinic neutral, an oxidntion inhibitor, and an antifoam additive. The additive package is completed by progessive addition of a dispersant. an antiwear additive, and a paraffinic resin. A second series of formulations has been evaluated to point out the effect of super-refining the base stock. The super-refined base stocks are more susceptible to the beneficial effects of the additive package than are the more conventionally refined base stocks. Another series of formulations has been evaluated to show the effect of increasing concentration of a dialkyl acid phosphite antiwear additive in the range of 0.0 to 0.5 weight per cent. Deposition type tests indicate some surface activity or metal deactivation for low concentrations (0.1 weight per cent or less) of the dialkyl acid phosphite in a paraffinic neutral. Higher concentrations of the order of 0.5 weight per cent dialkyl acid phosphite show increased dirtiness. A series of formulations has been evaluated to compare the effectiveness of an amine type inhibitor (phenylalpha-naphthylamine) and a dithiocarbamate as antioxidants in paraffinic neutrals and bright stocks. In general, the dithiocarbamate-inhibited super- refined paraffinic neutral containing a dispersant shows very good oxidation behavior. Two additional dispersants have been evaluated. These materials compare favorably with dispersants evaluated previously. A number of tests have been conducted to determine the effect of degree of refining and molecular weight on additive susceptibility. Paraffinic neutrals and bright stocks have been used as the base stocks for these studies. Three types of antioxidants have been used. Bulk oil tests at 347 and 500 F and thin film tests have been employed. Included in these studies are several tests in which the oxidation inhibitor has been added in increments. A low temperature dewaxing procedure is presented. Both paraffinic neutrals and bright stocks have been dewaxed according to this procedure at 0 and at -20 F. The dewaxed stocks have then been used in fuel dilution studies with JP-4 jet fuel. In addition, pour depressants have been used to lower the temperature at which these materials are fluid. (For preceding period see PRL-5.23.) (auth)

• Research Organization: Pennsylvania State Univ., University Park. Petroleum Refining Lab.
• NSA Number: NSA-13-002739
• OSTI ID: 4292157
• Report Number(s): PRL-5.24
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

ALKYL RADICALS
AMINES
CATALYSIS
CHEMICAL REACTIONS
CHEMISTRY
COMPOUNDS
DISPERSIONS
FILMS
FOAMS
GASES
HYDROGENATION
LIQUIDS
LOW TEMPERATURE
LUBRICATION
MEASURED VALUES
METALS
MINERAL ACIDS
MIXING
MOLECULES
NAPHTHALENE
NAPHTHYL RADICALS
OILS
ORGANIC SULFUR COMPOUNDS
OXIDATION
PARAFFIN
PETROLEUM
PHENYL RADICALS
PHOSPHOROUS ACID
PHOSPHORUS COMPOUNDS
PRECIPITATION
QUANTITY RATIO
REFINING
RESINS
SLURRIES
SURFACES
TEMPERATURE
THICKNESS
USES
VISCOSITY
WAXES
WEAR
WEIGHT