FLUIDS, LUBRICANTS, FUELS AND RELATED MATERIALS. Quarterly Report for July, August, and September 1958

Technical Report · Tue Sep 30 00:00:00 EDT 1958

OSTI ID:4274238

7 / 9 8 ? 3 5 4 1 9 7 7 5 and at 500 deg F to illustrate the effects of super-refining and additive susceptibility is discussed in report PRL 5.24-Jun58. Additional tests of this type are included in the present report with a super-refined paraffinic neutral and bright stock. Quinizarin and 2,2'-dipyridylamine show essentially no inbibitor effect in this type test at 347 or at 500 deg F. On the basis of additive studies conducted thus far with super-refined paraffinic mineral oils, the dithiocarbamate type additive appears to be the most effective oxidation inhibitor for 347 deg F bulk oil tests in the neutral. Phenyl-alpha-naphthylamine is as effective as any of the additives or combinations of additives in the bright stock. Data are presented to point up the advantages of super-refining mineral oils and hydrocarbons for use as base stocks. The behavior of super-refined stocks relative to thermal stability, oxidation stability, metal corrosion, and dirt formation is compared to that of conventionally refined mineral oil stocks and typical esters of the 3'pec. MIL-L--7808 and Spec. MIL-L-9236 type. It has been demonstrated that additional super-refining (hydrogenation) will further improve inhibitor response to oxidation at 347 deg F. A summary of oxidation behavior of superrefined stocks over the temperature range of 347 to 700 deg F is compared to that of a Spec. MIL-L-7808 type fluid. Viscosity-volatilfty properties and low temQperature fluidity are generally less desirable for the conventionally refined mineral oils than for synthetics of the Spec. MIL-L-7508 type. To optimize the viscosityvolatility characteristics of mineral oils and hydrocarbons, a series of vacuum fractionations have been conducted. The fractionatiQg unit used gives about three theoretical plates separation and can be operated at a head pressure of 0.5 to 1.0 millimeter mercury absolute. Materials with a normal boiling point of up to about 900 to 925 deg F can be distilled without appreciable cracking in this unit. The oils fractionated thus far include eight paraffinic neutrals, four super-refined naphthenic neutrals, and two partially hydrogenated condensed ring aromatic hydrocarbons. Properties of the fractions of fluids representative of each of these classes have been determined. Optimum viscosityvolatility properties are illustrated. Viscosity-low temperature fluidity relationships indicate that mQany conventionally refined and super-refined mineral oils and hydrocarbons exhibit extrapolated viscosity values at the ASTM pour point in the range of 5,000 to 15,000 centistokes. By a deep dewaxing procedure, it is shown that it is possible to dewax, or remove crystalline materials, to an ASTM pour point which is equivalent to an extrapolated viscosity value of 200,000 to 500,000 centistokes. In the case of the paraffins and naphthenes, measured low temperature viscosfties (0 deg , --25 deg , or --40 deg F.) of the deep dewaxed, fractionated, superrefined stocks are lower than those predicted by a straight line extrapolation from the ASTM viscositytemperature chart. It is shown that a paraffinic mQineral oil with the same volatility characteristics as di-2- ethylhexyl sebacate will have a --65 to --70 deg F ASTM pour point and a viscosity of 13,000 centistokes at a temperature of --40 to --45 deg F. A series of 13 esters of the neopentyl type prepared by the Food Machinery and Chemical Corporation has been obtained by this Laboratory for evaluation as high temperature fluid and lubricant base stocks. Viscosity and low temperature properties of these esters at 700 deg F are compared with those of Hercoflex 600 and Synthetics J-7 in the glass thermal stability apparatus. A modification of the thermal stability apparatus which lessens

• Research Organization: Pennsylvania State Univ., University Park. Coll. of Chemistry and Physics
• DOE Contract Number: AF33(616)-5460
• NSA Number: NSA-13-009702
• OSTI ID: 4274238
• Report Number(s): PRL-5.25
• Resource Relation: Other Information: Orig. Receipt Date: 31-DEC-59
• Country of Publication: United States
• Language: English

Related Subjects

CHEMISTRY
AMINES
CHEMICAL REACTIONS
CORROSION
DECOMPOSITION
DISTILLATION
ESTERS
FLUIDS
HIGH TEMPERATURE
HYDRAULICS
HYDROCARBONS
HYDROGENATION
LABORATORY EQUIPMENT
LOW TEMPERATURE
LUBRICATION
METALS
OILS
ORGANIC ACIDS
ORGANIC NITROGEN COMPOUNDS
ORGANIC SULFUR COMPOUNDS
OXIDATION
PHENYL RADICALS
PYRIDINES
QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS
SILICONES
STABILITY
TESTING
VISCOSITY
VOLATILITY