RANGES AND ENERGY-LOSS PROCESSES OF HEAVY IONS IN EMULSION

Journal Article · Fri Jan 15 04:00:00 EST 1960 · Physical Review (U.S.) Superseded in part by Phys. Rev. A, Phys. Rev. B: Solid State, Phys. Rev. C, and Phys. Rev. D

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRev.117.544· OSTI ID:4202992

Heckman, H H; Perkins, B L; Simon, W G; Smith, F M; Barkas, W H

The range-energy relations for C, N, O, Ne. and Ar ions in nuclear-track emulsion were measured for energies up to 10 Mev/nucleon. The ions, accelerated by the heavy-ion linear accelerator, were suitably degraded and subsequently analyzed by a 180 ction prod- double-focusing magnetic spectrometer. The heavy-ion ranges were measured relative to those of alpha particles which were employed to calibrate the instrument. Within the energy interval studied, It was found that a general expression for the range of a heavy ion is R = (M/z/sup 2/) lambda ( beta ) + Mz/sup 2/3 C/sub z/( beta /z), where lambda ( beta ) is the range of a particle of proton mass and charge at velocity beta c, C/sub z/ ( beta /z) is an empirical function that corrects for the extension in range caused by neutralization of the ionic charge as electrons are captured at low velocities, and M and z are the ionic mass and charge in units of the proton. The range data are sufficiently complete and accurate to allow detailed analyses of rates of energy loss and effective charge of the heavy ions as they come to rest. The relative importance of primary and secondary ionization processes in producing the taper in the track of a multicharged ion has been studied by examining the ions in emulsions of various sensitivities. Buckling-type distortions of heavily ionizing tracks in strongly developed emulsions are also discussed. The range-energy relation for low-velocity protons is reexamined and an improved range point at 0.585 Mev is reported. (auth)

• Research Organization: Univ. of California, Berkeley
• NSA Number: NSA-14-010917
• OSTI ID: 4202992
• Journal Information: Physical Review (U.S.) Superseded in part by Phys. Rev. A, Phys. Rev. B: Solid State, Phys. Rev. C, and Phys. Rev. D, Journal Name: Physical Review (U.S.) Superseded in part by Phys. Rev. A, Phys. Rev. B: Solid State, Phys. Rev. C, and Phys. Rev. D Vol. Vol: 117; ISSN PHRVA
• Country of Publication: Country unknown/Code not available
• Language: English

Related Subjects

ALPHA PARTICLES
ARGON
BEAMS
BUCKLING
CAPTURE
CARBON
ELECTRIC CHARGES
ENERGY
EQUATIONS
HEAVY IONS
IONS
LINEAR ACCELERATORS
LOSSES
MAGNETIC FIELDS
MASS
MEASURED VALUES
NEON
NITROGEN
NUCLEAR EMULSIONS
ORANGES
OXYGEN
PARTICLE TRACKS
PARTICLES
PHYSICS
PROTONS
SPECTROMETERS
STANDARDS
VELOCITY