Microspores irradiation in anther culture: testing a new technique to obtain mutations immediately detected and fixed (Application to Nicotiana tabacum) (in French)
In order to consider the effects of microspores irradiation on embryo development, and in order to observe the morphological responses of haploid plantlets derived from androgenetic anthers to ionizing irradiation, 1000, 1500 and 2000r of gamma rays were delivered on anthers of Nicotiana tabacum (DL$sub 50$ range calculated: 1500r). The cytological studies of embryo development revealed an apparent increase in irradiated microspores: cell division is stimulated but followed by an early mortality. A sharp rise in lethality effects was observed when gamma rays were applied beyond the seventh day of culture, when the proembryo contains an average of 4 cells. Morphological aberrations and colour changes in the Mo progeny derived from irradiated microspores are diverse. But after chromosome doubling and mutation checking out, all the plants were not recorded to have transmitted their aberrant characters. Thus, heritable character 'mutations) and not heritable character (variations) were obtained. The variations characters include dwarfing, excessive branching, fasciation and dichotomy of the stems, altered flower form, especially of petals. As to the leaves, they usually show induced changes in their colour (chlorotic areas, mosaic-colour changes, or an over-all colour changes), in their form (irregularity in outline) and in their texture (thickening, hairless leaf). Among the mutants, a monster tobacco, with excrescences on the leaves and the flowers is certainly the most conspicuous. But mutants also include altered leaf colour (over-all pale green) and altered flower colour, (dark red, clear pink, white). (FR)
- Research Organization:
- Paris-11 Univ., 91 - Orsay (France)
- NSA Number:
- NSA-33-012333
- OSTI ID:
- 4125642
- Journal Information:
- Ann. Amelior. Plantes, v. 24, no. 1, pp. 1-11, Other Information: Orig. Receipt Date: 30-JUN-76
- Country of Publication:
- France
- Language:
- French
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Related Subjects
560141* -Biomedical Sciences
Applied Studies-Radiation Effects-Radiation Effects on Plants-Basic Studies
*MUTATIONS- RADIOINDUCTION
*NICOTIANA- GENETIC RADIATION EFFECTS
GAMMA RADIATION
HAPLOIDY
MORPHOLOGICAL CHANGES
RADIATION DOSES
STAMEN