METHODS FOR REDUCTION OF RADIATION INJURY IN X-RAY DIAGNOSIS

Journal Article · Mon Jan 01 04:00:00 EST 1962 · Radiol. Diagnost.

OSTI ID:4053418

Mohr, H

X-ray diagnosis contributes an average annual radiation dose that is equal to approximates 15% of the normal environmental radiation. Much of this additional radiation adds to the radiation dose to the gonads. Because radiation dose is a quadratic function of the field size, the smallest radiation field possible should be used. The effects of the electric characteristics of the equipment used are not so direct. The better the adaptation and the filtration of the radiation cone, the better the results of the radiation. Since the voltage used depends on the optimal filtration, a supplemental filter of 2 to 4 mm of Al should be used. If the gonads are located directly in the beam, the highest voltages possible should be used. Increased filtration also gives an additiona1 advantage. If the gonads are located outside of the beam, the gonadal dose cannot be reduced by increasing the voltage used, but the filtration will still reduce the dose. This is because the energy of the scattered radiation increases with increasing radiation energy. However, if the radiation cone is located farther away from the gonads, the dose is reduced. A three-phase voltage apparatus should be used, because with pulsed voltage the long wave fraction of the radiation gives a poor image, but increases the dose to the patient. A depth shield wiH ensure that the film size will be optimal. A shield close to the objective is especially importart in serial studies where errors can occur during the frequent certering that is required. Many photographic errors can be reduced by using automated equipmert. An ionization chamber apparatus that measures the dose administered directly can be very useful. An image intensifier can help to improve orientation and reduce exposure times. One approach to improved photography is magnetic recording. This permits a picture to be obtained in 1/50 sec that can be viewed or rephotographed. By combined use of an image intensifier and a 70-mm camera the dosage can be reduced to 1/20 of the amount ordinarily required without this equipment. (BBB)

• Research Organization: Originating Research Org. not identified
• NSA Number: NSA-18-018104
• OSTI ID: 4053418
• Journal Information: Radiol. Diagnost., Journal Name: Radiol. Diagnost. Vol. Vol: 3
• Country of Publication: Country unknown/Code not available
• Language: German

Related Subjects

ALUMINUM
DIAGNOSIS
ELECTRICITY
ENERGY
ERRORS
FIELD THEORY
FILMS
FILTERS
GONADS
HEALTH AND SAFETY
IONIZATION CHAMBERS
IRRADIATION
MAGNETISM
MEDICINE
PHOTOGRAPHY
PLATES
RADIATION DOSES
RADIATION INJURIES
RADIATION SOURCES
RECORDING SYSTEMS
SCATTERING
SHIELDING
X RADIATION